The effects of estrogen deficiency and aging on myocardial deformation and motion in normotensive female rats

Maluleke, Tshiamo T; Millen, Aletta M E; Michel, Fabrice

doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000001884

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This study showed that ovariectomized rats had significantly decreased GLS but showed no significant difference after adjusting for BP and body mass. A lack of estrogen does not result in LV dysfunction, impaired myocardial deformation, or cardiac remodeling 29 . Our study also showed that age and hypertension were independent factors for reduced GLS in multivariable analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex difference in the age-related decline of global longitudinal strain of left ventricle

Lee,

Kim,

Kim

2023

Sci Rep

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Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a valuable indicator of subclinical myocardial dysfunction. Whether the effect of aging on subclinical left ventricular dysfunction is sex-specific is not well documented. This study aimed to identify age-related changes in GLS according to sex in patients with a normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). In this cross-sectional, single-center cohort study in Korea, participants who underwent GLS measurement using 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography were retrospectively reviewed, and participants with normal LVEF (≥ 55%) without documented cardiovascular disease were included. Reduced GLS was defined as absolute values below 18%. Of 682 study participants (mean age, 58; female, 51.5%), 209 (30.6%) had reduced GLS. Females with reduced GLS were older than those with normal GLS (68 vs. 58 years, P < 0.001); with no difference of age in males (55 vs. 57 years; P = 0.265). Univariate analysis showed age to correlate significantly with reduced GLS only in female (r = − 0.364; P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, female > 66 years old had significantly higher risk of reduced GLS (Odds ratio 2.66; 95% CI 1.22–5.76; P = 0.014). In participants with normal LVEF, GLS decreased with age in females but not in males. Particularly, females aged 66 years and older had a significantly higher risk of reduced GLS. These findings suggest that GLS could be a valuable parameter for assessing subclinical cardiac dysfunction, especially in older females.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex difference in the age-related decline of global longitudinal strain of left ventricle

Lee,

Kim,

Kim

2023

Sci Rep

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“…Clinical studies of women in different phases of the menstrual cycle as well as peri-, menopausal, and postmenopausal women, suggest that while sex hormones (especially E2 and FSH) regulate arterial stiffness, the effects are largely driven by age [ 92 ] . In support of this hypothesis, OVX did not cause independently cause cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in rats, but rather aging resulted in diastolic dysfunction and mild systolic impairment [ 93 ] . Together, these findings suggest that associations between hormones and cardiovascular function are likely different at different ages or reproductive stages.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Sex Differences In Cardiac Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and implications of sex differences in cardiac aging

Yusifov¹,

Woulfe²,

Bruns³

2022

JCA

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Aging promotes structural and functional remodeling of the heart, even in the absence of external factors. There is growing clinical and experimental evidence supporting the existence of sex-specific patterns of cardiac aging, and in some cases, these sex differences emerge early in life. Despite efforts to identify sex-specific differences in cardiac aging, understanding how these differences are established and regulated remains limited. In addition to contributing to sex differences in age-related heart disease, sex differences also appear to underlie differential responses to cardiac stress such as adrenergic activation. Identifying the underlying mechanisms of sex-specific differences may facilitate the characterization of underlying heart disease phenotypes, with the ultimate goal of utilizing sex-specific therapeutic approaches for cardiac disease. The purpose of this review is to discuss the mechanisms and implications of sex-specific cardiac aging, how these changes render the heart more susceptible to disease, and how we can target age- and sex-specific differences to advance therapies for both male and female patients.

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“…Исследования на животных с искусственной гипоэстрогенемией показали более быстрое развитие гипертрофии миокарда, а введение эстрогенов замедляло данный процесс [4]. Однако не все подобные исследования приходят к такому выводу [5]. Хотя исследования на животных открывают потенциальные механизмы ремоделирования сердечно-сосудистой системы, опосредованные половыми гормонами, эти модели часто используют изолированное изменение одного полового гормона и, следовательно, не являются оптимальным отражением сложных гормональных изменений у женщин в перименопаузе и постменопаузе.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Left ventricular remodeling in perimenopausal women

Zelentsova,

Kuznetsov,

Tenchurina

et al. 2023

Science and Innovations in Medicine

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Aim to reveal specific features of the left ventricle (LV) structural and functional state and the pro-inflammatory status indicators in women of perimenopausal age. Material and methods. The cross-sectional study included 80 women (age 45 to 55 years) who were divided into 2 groups: a menopausal transition group and an early postmenopausal group according to the STRAW + 10 classification. Anthropometric measurements were taken; blood tests for homocysteine C, interleukin-6 (IL6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and echocardiography were performed according to the standard technique. Results. The study findings were as follows: 1. women in early postmenopause had higher levels of CRP when compared with women in the menopausal transition (4.5 (1.5; 8.0) mg/l versus 2.5 (0.6; 7.4) mg/l), in obese women, the level of IL6 was higher than in normal-weight women regardless of menopausal status (1.8 (0.6; 2.8) pg/ml versus 0.6 (0.2; 1.3) pg/ml); 2. the distribution of participants according to the type of myocardial remodeling did not differ in the comparison groups; 3. the presence of arterial hypertension and menopause was associated with myocardial hypertrophy; 4. significant differences were found in the distribution of myocardial geometry in women with obesity and overweight when compared to women with a normal body mass index (BMI) regardless of menopausal status; 5. significant direct correlation was registered between the structural and volume parameters of the LV and age, blood pressure, BMI, waist to hips circumference ratio. A positive correlation was found between the level of pro-inflammatory biomarkers and structural parameters of LV. Conclusion. In women of perimenopausal age, a myocardial remodeling was revealed that could not be explained by traditional risk factors. The activation of the systemic inflammatory response in menopause and obesity was accompanied by the pathological LV remodeling and myocardial hypertrophy.

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The effects of estrogen deficiency and aging on myocardial deformation and motion in normotensive female rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

Sex difference in the age-related decline of global longitudinal strain of left ventricle

Sex difference in the age-related decline of global longitudinal strain of left ventricle

Mechanisms and implications of sex differences in cardiac aging

Left ventricular remodeling in perimenopausal women

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