“…TDDVR 6D QD outcomes 42 In the realm of surface science, elhp excitations impart substantial effects on the dissociative chemisorption, inelastic scattering, and external field induced (vibrational excitation, relaxation, dissipation, and non-adiabatic electron transfer) phenomena. 46,[108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115] In this context, various theoretical approaches, namely, electronic friction (EF) 88 [local density friction approximation (LDFA) 46 and orbital dependent friction (ODF) 46,116,117 ], independent electron surface hopping (IESH), 112,118 reduced density matrix, [119][120][121] EH (phonon + elhp), 105,106 and stochastic wave packet approach, 122 have been developed during the past few decades. Those theoretical treatments unveiled the crucial contribution of elhp excitations on the state-to-state vibrational transition probabilities at higher surface temperature situations.…”