The effects of electromagnetic fields on cardiac pacemakers

Smith, Stanley P.; Aasen, R.C.

doi:10.1109/11.142666

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Some authors contend that pacemakers are extremely resistant to any sort of electromagnetic interference (EMI) found in a hospital and that the only sources of concern should be defibrillators and possibly arc welding (Grant 1993). Others say that pacemakers are shielded from frequencies above 1 kHz and that only ultra high frequencies, 300 MHz-3 GHz, can affect them (Smith and Aasen 1992). It is stated that cardiac pacemaker programming could be affected by EMI, but only if the magnitude of the electric field strength exceeds 200 V m −1 or the magnetic field strength exceeds 10 Gauss (Smith and Aasen 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others say that pacemakers are shielded from frequencies above 1 kHz and that only ultra high frequencies, 300 MHz-3 GHz, can affect them (Smith and Aasen 1992). It is stated that cardiac pacemaker programming could be affected by EMI, but only if the magnitude of the electric field strength exceeds 200 V m −1 or the magnetic field strength exceeds 10 Gauss (Smith and Aasen 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radio frequency noise from clinical linear accelerators

et al. 2009

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There is a great deal of interest in image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), and to advance the state of IGRT, an integrated linear accelerator-magnetic resonance (linac-MR) system has been proposed. Knowledge of the radiofrequency (RF) emissions near a linac is important for the design of appropriate RF shielding to facilitate the successful integration of these two devices. The frequency spectra of both electric and magnetic fields of RF emission are measured using commercially available measurement probes near the treatment couch in three clinical linac vaults with distinct physical layouts. The magnitude spectrum of the RF power emitted from these three linacs is then estimated. The electric field spectrum was also measured at several distances from the linac modulator in order to assess the effects of variations in spatial location in the treatment vault. A large fraction of RF power is emitted at frequencies below 5 MHz. However, the measured RF power at the Larmor frequency (8.5 MHz) of the proposed 0.2 T MR in the linac-MR (0.4-14.6 μW m −2 ) is still large enough to cause artifacts in MR images. Magnetron-based linacs generally emit much larger RF power than klystron-based linacs. In the frequency range of 1-50 MHz, only slight variation in the measured electric field is observed as a function of measurement position. This study suggests that the RF emissions are strong enough to cause image artifacts in MRI systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio frequency noise from clinical linear accelerators

et al. 2009

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“…Articulography devices are safe for health, complying with various standards regarding exposure to magnetic fields [ 23 ]. However, there are certain considerations with regard to patients who have implanted devices such as pacemakers [ 24 ], cochlear implants [ 25 ], or insulin pumps [ 26 ] because the electromagnetic field can affect their correct operation. Some studies warn about exposure for pregnant women due to the effects of the electromagnetic field not being clear, which is why it is preferable to avoid risks [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Micromovements in Removable Prosthesis during Mastication: A Pilot Study with 3D Electromagnetic Articulography

Marinelli,

Venegas,

Ruiz

et al. 2024

Bioengineering

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Edentulism can generate negative impacts on self-esteem, interpersonal relationships, and oral functions. Removable prostheses are commonly used for tooth replacement, but they may cause discomfort due to micromovements during mastication. Objective and quantifiable methods are needed to evaluate these micromovements. A pilot study was conducted to determine the micromovements in removable prostheses during mastication using a 3D electromagnetic articulography (EMA-3D) system. One elderly participant wearing lower removable prostheses and an upper total well-fitting removable prosthesis was studied. The EMA-3D system was used to record movements in three spatial planes. Peanuts were given as test food, and the participant was instructed to chew normally while recordings were carried out until feeling the need to swallow. Analyses of the upper total prosthesis show micromovements ranging from 0.63 ± 0.11 to 1.02 ± 0.13 mm. During simultaneous analyses of the upper prosthesis and lower partial prosthesis, interference was not observed. This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of using the EMA-3D system to evaluate micromovements in removable prostheses during mastication. Further research is needed to evaluate a larger sample and assess the clinical implications of these micromovements.

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“…Pacemaker is a small, battery-operated electronic biomedical device that capable to normalize the human heartbeats when its natural regulating mechanisms break down [2]. It provides electric impulses that mimic the natural human heartbeats.…”

Section: Pacemakermentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic interference on artificial heart pacemaker

Sahrani

Semangin

Suhaili

et al. 2008

2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference

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-Electromagnetic interference (EMI) due to Radio Frequency (RF) is known to cause interference in electronics devices. Interference may cause devices such as pacemaker to malfunctions with potentially adverse consequences. Exposure of electromagnetic interference comes from digital cellular telephones that are commonly used nowadays. This paper describes the preliminary case study on the effect of the EMI interference with a pacemaker. Temperatures were calculated at various frequencies to investigate the effect. Higher temperatures may cause discomfort to the patient.

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The effects of electromagnetic fields on cardiac pacemakers

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Radio frequency noise from clinical linear accelerators

Radio frequency noise from clinical linear accelerators

Determination of Micromovements in Removable Prosthesis during Mastication: A Pilot Study with 3D Electromagnetic Articulography

Electromagnetic interference on artificial heart pacemaker

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