The Effects of Education, Poverty, and Resources on Family Planning in Developing Countries

Abstract

Introduction: Developing countries are facing many difficulties due to a rise in population. High fertility rates have posed increased health risks for mothers and child's health, resulting in poor quality of life. According to WHO, approximately 225 million women in developing countries want to limit childbearing but are unable to do because of unmet needs, lack of resources, limited access to family planning (FP) services, religious beliefs, and illiteracy. FP can play an imperious role in stabilizing the issues in developing countries. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review was to explore and synthesize articles on education, poverty, and resources of FP services in low and middle-income countries. Methodology: A literature review was conducted from the period of Oct to Dec 2016 in PUBMED, CINAHL and Allied Health Literature based on predefined search terms. Eligibility criteria included: original researches, review articles, and perspective, opinion, and commentary articles. Result: The key findings from literature review suggested that education regarding family planning is essential. Moreover, it is fundamentally important to introduce the concept, knowledge, awareness, practice, and availability of contraceptive measure, and family planning services. However, women in developing countries are struggling for the use of modern contraceptive methods but are lagging far behind due to the scarcity of resources. It is imperative to make contraceptive methods more accessible and available in resource-scarce countries. Conclusion: FP determinants such as education, poverty, and accessibility to resources can be used to empower women and men in underdeveloped nations. It also helps to change their attitudes and practices towards family planning, thus, leading to better quality of life. C li nics in M o th er an d C h il d Healt h

Prevalence and factors associated with postpartum use of long-acting reversible contraception in Bukombe District, Geita Region, Tanzania: a community- based study

“…This finding is consistent with previous studies conducted in northwest Ethiopia [ 21 ]. The possible explanation could be that postpartum women in urban areas have been reported to have better access to information regarding family planning and general reproductive and sexual health matters than women who reside in rural setting with poor health services [ 22 ]. This might be the case for the women in the studied population.…”

A prospective cohort study to assess the acceptability of Sayana Press among 18–49-year-old women in Nepal

“…shown that an additional year of schooling increased the probability of choosing an injectable by 0.7 percentage points for women in Nepal [9]. Likewise, other research has also shown that higher education helped to change attitudes and practices towards family planning [15].…”

“…Pills and condoms each accounted for 4.6% and 4.2%, while IUDs (1.4%%) and implants (3.3%) continue to have low uptake in the overall picture of contraceptive use mix in the country [2]. While the use of any modern method has plateaued for last 15 non-clinic settings because of its unique method with alternative route of delivery requiring less trained providers and the product being compact, discreet, and easily transportable [4][5][6], potentially transforming the way in which women can access and receive their preferred method of contraception [7]. Sayana Press® is approved by regulatory authorities in more than 40 countries across the world [8].…”

Demand for Family Planning Satisfied With Modern Methods in Urban Malawi: CHAID Analysis to Identify Predictors and Women Underserved With Family Planning Services

“…Since the adoption of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD PoA) in 1994, the provision of safe, effective, and affordable methods of contraception has been an integral part of the efforts to promote sexual and reproductive health and empower women and girls, particularly in Lowand Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) (3). Access to modern contraceptives has also been shown to contribute to poverty reduction through improvement in educational outcomes and economic opportunities for women and girls (4)(5)(6). Given these extensive benefits, the global community and many national governments have, over the years, undertaken policy actions and made investments to increase access to family planning (FP) services.…”