The effects of EDTA-Tris infusion on the equine endometrium

Youngquist, R.S.; Blanchard, T.L.; Lapin, D.; Klein, William L.

doi:10.1016/0093-691x(84)90059-1

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Reagents were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, except hydrogen peroxide. Common agents used in clinical equine practice to disrupt biofilms were utilized at the highest concentration recommended, including 3.3% N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (33), 1% hydrogen peroxide (Walgreens Co., Deerfield, IL) (34), 50 mM Tris plus 3.5 mM disodium EDTA dehydrate (Tris-EDTA), and 20 mM 2-amino-2-hydroxymethl-1,3-propanediolandiol 8 mM disodium EDTA dehydrate (THAM-EDTA) (5,35). Preformed biofilms of P. aeruginosa (n ϭ 10), E. coli (n ϭ 10), and K. pneumoniae (n ϭ 10) that were known to produce a biofilm were exposed to treatments for 6 h, and reductions in biofilm biomass (crystal violet staining) and bacterial viability (CFU) were determined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Efficacy of Nonantibiotic Treatments on Biofilm Disruption of Gram-Negative Pathogens and an In Vivo Model of Infectious Endometritis Utilizing Isolates from the Equine Uterus

et al. 2016

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In this study, we evaluated the ability of the equine clinical treatments N-acetylcysteine, EDTA, and hydrogen peroxide to disrupt in vitro biofilms and kill equine reproductive pathogens (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Klebsiella pneumoniae) isolated from clinical cases. N-acetylcysteine (3.3%) decreased biofilm biomass and killed bacteria within the biofilms of E. coli isolates. The CFU of recoverable P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae isolates were decreased, but the biofilm biomass was unchanged. Exposure to hydrogen peroxide (1%) decreased the biofilm biomass and reduced the CFU of E. coli isolates, K. pneumoniae isolates were observed to have a reduction in CFU, and minimal effects were observed for P. aeruginosa isolates. Chelating agents (EDTA formulations) reduced E. coli CFU but were ineffective at disrupting preformed biofilms or decreasing the CFU of P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae within a biofilm. No single nonantibiotic treatment commonly used in equine veterinary practice was able to reduce the CFU and biofilm biomass of all three Gram-negative species of bacteria evaluated. An in vivo equine model of infectious endometritis was also developed to monitor biofilm formation, utilizing bioluminescence imaging with equine P. aeruginosa isolates from this study. Following infection, the endometrial surface contained focal areas of bacterial growth encased in a strongly adherent "biofilm-like" matrix, suggesting that biofilms are present during clinical cases of infectious equine endometritis. Our results indicate that Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the equine uterus are capable of producing a biofilm in vitro, and P. aeruginosa is capable of producing biofilm-like material in vivo. Bacterial endometritis is an important cause of subfertility in mares (1). Endometrial infections are reported in 25 to 60% of mares who fail to become pregnant following breeding (1), contributing to a major economic loss for the equine industry (1, 2). The most common species of bacteria identified during the clinical diagnosis of bacterial endometritis include Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3, 4). The isolation of one of these species of bacteria is considered to be clinically relevant due to observed reductions in pregnancy rates after identification (2). The detection of these bacteria in the uterus would result in treatment with uterine lavage and broad-spectrum antibiotics to reduce bacterial load and eradicate the remaining bacteria (5, 6).Bacterial endometritis that is refractory to traditional antimicrobial treatment is a significant challenge in the equine breeding industry (4). One possible explanation often cited for the failure of antibiotic treatment is the growth of bacterial pathogens in a biofilm (1, 5). Uterine isolates of E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae have been proposed to most likely be associated with a biofilm, due to the observation of repeated antibiotic treatment failures in equine reproducti...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Efficacy of Nonantibiotic Treatments on Biofilm Disruption of Gram-Negative Pathogens and an In Vivo Model of Infectious Endometritis Utilizing Isolates from the Equine Uterus

et al. 2016

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“…No clinical side-effects have been noted using this solution in joints, bones, uterus, ears, bladders, mammary glands, or uterus of humans, poultry, companion animals and domestic livestock (Goldschmidt et al 1972, Bjorling & Wooley 1982, Youngquist et al 1984, Ashworth & Nelson 1990, Sparks et al 1994.…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combinations of chelator-buffer and antibiotics have been found to be effective in the treatment of coliform infections of the urinary bladder (Goldschmidt et al 1972), bacterial rhinitis in dogs (Wooley et al 1979), Pseudomonas cystitis (Wooley et al 1974), otitis externa (Blue et al 1974, Sparks et al 1994, multiple fistulas (Ashworth & Nelson 1990, Bjorling & Wooley 1982 in dogs, and metritis in the mare (Youngquist 1975, Youngquist et al 1984. The addition of chelatorbuffer into commercially available mastitis medications also resulted in a potentiation of the in vitro antimicrobial effect of the medication (Wooley et al 2002).…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of a buffered chelating agent and neomycin or oxytetracycline on bacteria associated with diseases of fish

Wooley¹,

Ritchie²,

Burnley³

2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…One such agent, EDTA-Tris, has been effective in chronic cystitis in women; chronic otitis externa, chronic dermatitis and recurrent cystitis in dogs; fungal keratitis and chronic Pseudomonas endometritis in mares (Wooley et al, 1984;Youngquist et al, 1984;Farca et al, 1993;Fumuso et al, 2007;LeBlanc & Causey, 2009). Wooley et al (1984) performed an intrauterine infusion of 250 mL EDTA-Tris, pH 8, causing an inflammatory response, as well as we get after saline infusion into the uterus.…”

Section: Chelating Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-traditional treatments for endometritis in mares

Buczkowska¹,

Kozdrowski²,

Sikora³

et al. 2015

BJVM

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SummaryBuczkowska, J., R. Kozdrowski, M. Sikora, M. Dzięcioł & A. Matusz, 2015. Non-traditional treatments for endometritis in mares. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 18, No. 4,[285][286][287][288][289][290][291][292][293] Routine treatment for persistent mating-induced endometritis is directed at enhancing the clearance of accumulated fluid from the uterus and includes the use of ecbolic agents (oxytocin, prostaglandin F 2a ) which may be used alone or in combination with large-volume uterine lavage and administering antimicrobials if infection is diagnosed. However, traditional therapies are not always effective in resolving chronic uterine inflammation or infections. Treatment failure may be caused by uterine exudates, inspissated mucus or biofilm produced by some bacteria and yeast. Exudate can interfere with antibiotic penetration, whereas biofilm can confer antibiotic resistance. The endometrium of mares with delayed uterine clearance or chronic endometritis produces more mucus than reproductively healthy mares. Loss of cilia and abnormal mucus blanket provide areas for bacterial attachment. This review describes new strategies of endometritis treatment that may be added to typical therapy and includes intrauterine mucolytics, chelators, immunomodulators, corticosteroids, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and others.

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The effects of EDTA-Tris infusion on the equine endometrium

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

In Vitro Efficacy of Nonantibiotic Treatments on Biofilm Disruption of Gram-Negative Pathogens and an In Vivo Model of Infectious Endometritis Utilizing Isolates from the Equine Uterus

In Vitro Efficacy of Nonantibiotic Treatments on Biofilm Disruption of Gram-Negative Pathogens and an In Vivo Model of Infectious Endometritis Utilizing Isolates from the Equine Uterus

In vitro effect of a buffered chelating agent and neomycin or oxytetracycline on bacteria associated with diseases of fish

Non-traditional treatments for endometritis in mares

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