The Effects of Early Literacy Policies on Student Achievement

A Scalable Approach to High-Impact Tutoring for Young Readers: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

“…As of 2021, 41 states and the District of Columbia had adopted early literacy policies to improve student literacy by the end of third grade (Cunningham & Stanovich, 1997;ExcelinEd, 2022;Sparks et al, 2014). Research provides evidence that state-level early literacy policies can positively affect student performance on third grade high-stakes assessments and reduce gaps in achievement between groups of students (Westall & Cummings, 2022). States that had comprehensive early literacy policies, which included having a plan for delivering interventions to students in-need, showed gains even on low-stakes tests (Westall & Cummings, 2022).…”

“…Research provides evidence that state-level early literacy policies can positively affect student performance on third grade high-stakes assessments and reduce gaps in achievement between groups of students (Westall & Cummings, 2022). States that had comprehensive early literacy policies, which included having a plan for delivering interventions to students in-need, showed gains even on low-stakes tests (Westall & Cummings, 2022). Tutoring has been a popular intervention choice, especially since the onset of the pandemic (see Hubbard et al, 2022) C.…”