The effects of drought on rice cultivation in sub-Saharan Africa and its mitigation: A review

Noelle, Ndjiondjop Marie; Rodrigue, Sangare Jean; Gnikoua, Karlin

doi:10.5897/ajar2018.12974

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Reduced grain yield is a result of morphological responses such as increases in leaf rolling, stomata closure, and leaf tip drying; molecular responses that include changes in gene expression (up/down regulation of transcripts) and the activation of relevant transcription factors and signaling pathways; and physiological and biochemical responses such as reductions in transpiration, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, membrane stability, stomatal conductance, and increases in osmoprotectants [ 7 ]. Drought stress reduces the performance of rice varieties that are grown worldwide [ 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Drought Tolerant Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes with Asian and African Backgrounds

Ndikuryayo

Ndayiragije

Kilasi

et al. 2023

Plants

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Drought is among the major abiotic stresses on rice production that can cause yield losses of up to 100% under severe drought conditions. Neither of the rice varieties currently grown in Burundi can withstand very low and irregular precipitation. This study identified genotypes that have putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with drought tolerance and determined their performance in the field. Two hundred and fifteen genotypes were grown in the field under both drought and irrigated conditions. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from rice leaves for further genotypic screening. The results revealed the presence of the QTLs qDTY12.1, qDTY3.1, qDTY2-2_1, and qDTY1.1 in 90%, 85%, 53%, and 22% of the evaluated genotypes, respectively. The results of the phenotypic evaluation showed a significant yield reduction due to drought stress. Yield components and other agronomic traits were also negatively affected by drought. Genotypes having high yield best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) with two or more major QTLs for drought tolerance, including IR 108044-B-B-B-3-B-B, IR 92522-45-3-1-4, and BRRI DHAN 55 are of great interest for breeding programs to improve the drought tolerance of lines or varieties with other preferred traits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Drought Tolerant Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes with Asian and African Backgrounds

Ndikuryayo

Ndayiragije

Kilasi

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Drought is also a major factor limiting rice production in SSA [3]. In SSA, rice is more susceptible to drought events because its cultivation largely depends on rainwater; therefore, even a mild drought significantly reduces the productivity of rice [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China

Wang

Samo

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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Drought is one of the major factors limiting rice yield worldwide. A total of 46 hybrid rice varieties were chosen to investigate their root distribution and their response to drought. A field experiment was carried out in a dry shed building to evaluate the drought tolerance capacity of hybrid rice varieties on the basis of CTIRDE (complex tolerance index of rice under drought environment) values. Next, the experiment was conducted in a specially designed pot system and seed bags to analyze the root distribution and activity of antioxidant enzymes in different rice varieties. Moreover, the DEEPER ROOTING 1 (DRO1) gene was sequenced to elucidate its role in the root distribution of typical rice varieties. On the basis of CTIRDE values, the 46 hybrid rice varieties were classified as tolerant (CTIRDE ≥ 0.75), semi-tolerant (0.75 > CTIRDE > 0.65), or sensitive (CTIRDE ≤ 0.65) to drought stress. The tolerant varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) displayed a significantly larger length, had higher number and weight of roots in the 30–50 cm soil layer, and exhibited a significantly higher activity of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) enzymes in roots during the drought stress period. The DRO1 gene sequencing results revealed that the tolerant and sensitive varieties exhibited a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 3-exon region, and the tolerant varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) exhibited a larger root growth angle with the horizontal axis, hence developing a deeper root system as compared with the other two group varieties. A significant correlation was found not only between the DRO1 gene and root distribution but also between DRO1 and the activity of SOD and POD enzymes. Conclusively, as a key feature, a deep root system enabled tolerant rice varieties (Chuanguyou208 and Deyou4727) to avoid drought stress by absorbing more water stored in deep soil layers. The root distribution, activity of POD and SOD enzymes in roots, and DRO1 gene can be used to screen tolerant rice varieties that can survive better under drought stress during the seedling stage of rice growth.

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“…These authors suggested that these accessions have capacity to close stomata early enough during periods of drought as a biological survival strategy that ensures effective use of available water. Some varieties of African rice are early maturing and are therefore able to escape terminal drought [11]. It has been found to have thin leaves that roll easily during drought thus reducing transpiration and thin roots which have a high soil penetrative capacity thereby helping in extracting water from the soil [12].…”

Section: Genetic Potential and Capacity For Climate Change Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Molecular Genetics and Genomics of African Rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud)

Wambugu

Ndjiondjop

Henry

2019

Plants

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African rice (Oryza glaberrima) has a pool of genes for resistance to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, making it an important genetic resource for rice improvement. African rice has potential for breeding for climate resilience and adapting rice cultivation to climate change. Over the last decade, there have been tremendous technological and analytical advances in genomics that have dramatically altered the landscape of rice research. Here we review the remarkable advances in knowledge that have been witnessed in the last few years in the area of genetics and genomics of African rice. Advances in cheap DNA sequencing technologies have fuelled development of numerous genomic and transcriptomic resources. Genomics has been pivotal in elucidating the genetic architecture of important traits thereby providing a basis for unlocking important trait variation. Whole genome re-sequencing studies have provided great insights on the domestication process, though key studies continue giving conflicting conclusions and theories. However, the genomic resources of African rice appear to be under-utilized as there seems to be little evidence that these vast resources are being productively exploited for example in practical rice improvement programmes. Challenges in deploying African rice genetic resources in rice improvement and the genomics efforts made in addressing them are highlighted.

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The effects of drought on rice cultivation in sub-Saharan Africa and its mitigation: A review

Cited by 18 publications

References 101 publications

Identification of Drought Tolerant Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes with Asian and African Backgrounds

Identification of Drought Tolerant Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes with Asian and African Backgrounds

Root Distribution and Its Impacts on the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Hybrid Rice in the Sichuan Basin Area of China

Advances in Molecular Genetics and Genomics of African Rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud)

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