The effects of driving restrictions on travel behavior evidence from Beijing

Gu, Yizhen; Deakin, Elizabeth; Long, Ying

doi:10.1016/j.jue.2017.03.001

Cited by 73 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It indicates that the DPR would alter the traveler's travel habit and further promote the traveler to choose public transport on restricted days, which is beneficial to easing urban congestion and reducing air pollution on restricted days. This is consistent with the research conclusions of Zhang et al [1] and Gu et al [18]. However, 27.5% of people still choose the private cars, the possible reason is that they might have more than one car or adjust their travel time to avoid the DPR.…”

Section: Changes In Travel Modes After the Implementation Of The Drpsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Zhang et al [1] found that the DRP is very effective tool to shift people from automobile to public transit and ease traffic congestion. While analyzing the Beijing household travel survey data, Gu et al [18] found that the DRP has an impact on easing road congestion by reducing private car travel frequency and mileage. Furthermore, Wang et al [19] found that excluding electric vehicles from regulations of the DRP or the purchasing restriction policy (PRP) could earn the support from the public.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Benefits and Risks of the Driving Restriction Policy: A Case Study of Xi’an, China

Cui

Chien

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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With the deterioration of air pollution and traffic congestion especially in urban areas, the policy restricting cars operating on the road is deemed as an effective strategy to mitigate the negative impacts. After implementing the driving restriction policy (DRP), some benefits were yielded albeit a few problems appeared. It is desirable to assess the benefits and risks of the DRP and thus propose measures to maintain the benefits. A revealed preference (RP) survey was conducted in the field and via the internet. There are 585 valid samples collected, which were classified by socioeconomic factors, and the corresponding reactions were analyzed and compared. The correlation analysis was used to identify significant and independent demographic/characteristic variables. The results show that most travelers perceive benefits from reducing car ownership and have positive views on DRP. However, others would negatively react to the DRP, which is mainly manifested by buying another car, driving during non-restricted hours and traveling against regulations. Furthermore, socio-demographic characteristics show a relatively high correlation with travel mode choice. Automobile is favorable to middle-aged travelers with upper-middle income. Family characteristics (i.e. household structure, pick up children and cars ownership) are also important inducing travelers to use private cars. These findings will be helpful for formulating the DRP to yield greater benefits after implementation. INDEX TERMS Driving restriction policy, mode choice, descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, benefits, risks.

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Section: Changes In Travel Modes After the Implementation Of The Drpsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and Risks of the Driving Restriction Policy: A Case Study of Xi’an, China

Cui

Chien

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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“…Among the quantity restriction measures, we can identify two types: policies that prohibit circulation on specific days in the city based on some form of identifier and policies that identify low-emission areas and prohibit the transit of high-emission vehicles in those metropolitan areas. These measures, however, are more usually associated with fighting pollution than congestion [77][78][79][80], but some studies also analyzed their effectiveness in reducing the flow of private transportation [81,82]. Other transportation demand management measures were less examined but are increasingly being considered by policy-makers and planners to promote sustainable transportation.…”

Section: Literature On Public Measures To Mitigate Congestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congestion, Road Safety, and the Effectiveness of Public Policies in Urban Areas

Albalate

Fageda

2019

Sustainability

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Congestion and road accidents are both considered essential challenges for sustainable mobility in large cities, but their relationship is only partially explored by the literature. In this paper, we empirically examine different public policies aimed at reducing urban traffic congestion but which may also have indirect effects on road accidents and casualties. We use data from 25 large urban areas in Spain for the period 2008–2017 and apply econometric methods to investigate how a variety of public policies do affect both negative externalities. Although the relationship between congestion and road safety is complex, we find that the promotion of certain modes of public transportation and the regulation of parking spaces may contribute to making cities more sustainable, both in terms of the time spent traveling and the probability of being affected by an accident. Considering whether policies addressing congestion improve or damage road safety as an indirect result is a useful approach for local policy-makers and planners in their attempt to get sustainable transportation outcomes.

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“…This outdoor air monitoring site is located no more than 20 km from the three schools. The schools informed us that most students live within 10 km of the school, likely due in part to the state of road congestion in major Chinese cities (Viard and Fu, 2015;Gu et al, 2017). Alternative PM2.5 measurements at Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection (CMEP) sites across the city, available only from 2013, show tight spatial correlation not only across CMEP sites but also with US embassy records in the overlapping period.…”

Section: Panel (D) Reports a Seasonal Pattern For Absenteeism With Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We examine spell-adjusted absences, where an absence is the first school day of an absence spell. 24 The estimation sample consists of 2,448,516 observations. Table 2 estimates linear probability model (2) of student absences and, as alternative measures of immediate exposure to severe PM2.5, considers: (columns 1 and 2) an indicator that daily mean PM2.5 on the day before the absence decision exceeded 200 µg/m 3 (Figure 3(a)); (column 3) a count of the days in which daily mean PM2.5 exceeded 200 µg/m 3 in the three days prior to the absence decision (zero, one, two or three); (column 4) a linear spline function of daily mean PM2.5 on the day before the absence decision; and (columns 5 to 7) a quadratic function of daily mean PM2.5 on the day before the absence decision.…”

Section: Severe Air Pollution and Student Absencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Air Pollution and School Absences: Longitudinal Data on Expatriates in North China

Liu

Salvo

2017

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Severe Air Pollution and School Absences: Longitudinal Data on Expatriates in North China NOVEMBER 2017Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The IZA Institute of Labor Economics is an independent economic research institute that conducts research in labor economics and offers evidence-based policy advice on labor market issues. Supported by the Deutsche Post Foundation, IZA runs the world's largest network of economists, whose research aims to provide answers to the global labor market challenges of our time. Our key objective is to build bridges between academic research, policymakers and society. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. Little is known about how children of high-income expatriate families, often from rich nations, adapt to temporary residence in a severely polluted city of the developing world.We use a six-year panel of 6,500 students at three international schools in a major city in north China to estimate how fluctuation in ambient PM2.5 over the preceding fortnight impacts daily absences. Our preferred estimates are based on the exclusion restriction that absences respond to atmospheric ventilation such as thermal inversions only through ventilation's effect on particle levels. A large and rare 100 to 200 μg/m3 shift in average PM2.5 in the prior week raises the incidence of absences by 1 percentage point, about one-quarter of the sample mean. We find stronger responses for US/Canada nationals than among Chinese nationals, and among students who generally miss school the most.Overall responses are modest compared to the effect on absences from more moderate in-sample variation in pollution estimated for the US using aggregate data. Using school absence patterns as a window into short-run health and behavior, our study suggests that high-income families find ways to adapt, likely by moving life indoors, even if temporary residence in north China comes at the expense of long-term health. JEL Classification:I18, J24, Q51

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The effects of driving restrictions on travel behavior evidence from Beijing

Cited by 73 publications

References 11 publications

Benefits and Risks of the Driving Restriction Policy: A Case Study of Xi’an, China

Benefits and Risks of the Driving Restriction Policy: A Case Study of Xi’an, China

Congestion, Road Safety, and the Effectiveness of Public Policies in Urban Areas

Severe Air Pollution and School Absences: Longitudinal Data on Expatriates in North China

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