The Effects of Dietary Urea on Microbial Populations in the Rumen of Sheep

Kanjanapruthipong, J.; Leng, R. A.

doi:10.5713/ajas.1998.661

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Results from various studies suggested that DM intake, MNS and ED in sheep (Kanjanapruthipong and Leng, 1998) and NDF intake, MNS and ED in cattle (Detmann et al, 2009) consuming low quality tropical grasses are influenced by the RAN concentrations, with ED being maximised at 8 mg NH 3 -N dL −1 as was discussed earlier. However, higher RAN concentrations (15 to 20 mg NH 3 -N dL −1 ) were necessary to maximise DMI or NDF intake in cattle (Detmann et al, 2009) and sheep (Kanjanapruthipong and Leng, 1998) consuming low quality tropical forages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However, higher RAN concentrations (15 to 20 mg NH 3 -N dL −1 ) were necessary to maximise DMI or NDF intake in cattle (Detmann et al, 2009) and sheep (Kanjanapruthipong and Leng, 1998) consuming low quality tropical forages. The RAN concentration observed in the present study ranged between 7.84 and 9.35 mg NH 3 -N dL −1 rumen fluid (Table 4) as was discussed earlier.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the CP concentration of the hay was well below the suggested level of the 6 % necessary to meet the maintenance requirements of the wethers (NRC, 2007). This low CP percentage of the hay emphasized the necessity of nitrogenous supplementation for ruminants consuming low quality tropical forages (Detmann et al, 2009;Kanjanapruthipong and Leng, 1998;Köster et al, 1996Köster et al, , 1997. Due to the low CP concentration of the hay, it was decided not to have a negative control treatment as the potential risk of rumen stasis would have been too high.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low quality temperate grasses contain higher levels of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and RDN levels compared to tropical grasses (Bohnert et al, 2011). In addition, recent studies suggest that microbial needs to optimise forage utilisation and microbial N synthesis (MNS) differ between ruminants consuming either low quality tropical or temperate grasses (Detmann et al, 2009;Kanjanapruthipong and Leng, 1998). These factors suggest that ruminants consuming low quality tropical grasses might have different supplementation requirements to optimise rumen fermentation compared to ruminants consuming low quality temperate grasses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Substitution of rumen degradable nitrogen with urea in sheep fed low quality Eragrostis curvula hay

Mynhardt

Niekerk

Erasmus

et al. 2016

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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The aim of the present study was to determine whether sunflower meal (SFM), a highly rumen degradable protein (RDP) source, can be substituted with non-protein nitrogen (NPN, urea) without impacting negatively on intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial nitrogen (N) synthesis (MNS) in wethers consuming low quality Eragrostis curvula hay. Five wethers were fed ad libitum, low quality hay and supplemented twice-daily in equal proportions, via the rumen cannulae, one of five iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic supplements in a 5 × 5Latin square design experiment. The supplements differed in the ratios of rumen degradable N (RDN) supplied by either SFM and/or urea and is presented as percentage of RDN supplied by urea: T0 (100 % SFM, 0 % urea); T15 (85 % SFM, 15 % urea); T30 (70 % SFM, 30 % urea); T45 (55 % SFM, 45 % urea) and T60 (40 % SFM, 60 % urea). Forage intake and total tract dry matter (DM) digestibility did not differ; however, higher forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibilities were observed in the sheep supplemented with the higher urea-treatments (T45 and T60) compared to T15. Neither rumen pH nor total rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentraions differed.The mean rumen ammonia nitrogen (RAN) concentration of the sheep supplemented with T60 was higher than T30 (9.35 mg dL −1 vs. 7.41 mg dL −1 ); however, no differences were observed in MNS or efficiency of MNS among treatments. Results suggest that up to 60 % of RDN supplied by SFM can be substituted with urea, without affecting intake, digestibility or MNS in wethers fed a low quality tropical hay.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Substitution of rumen degradable nitrogen with urea in sheep fed low quality Eragrostis curvula hay

Mynhardt

Niekerk

Erasmus

et al. 2016

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…Consequently, this results in low intake which can be improved by tree fodder supplementation (Topps, 1992;Abdulrazak et al, 2000). According to Kanjanapruthipong and Leng (1998), there was an improvement in the performance of rams fed poor quality grass diets supplemented with Gliricidia maculata at an optimum level of inclusion of 20 -25%. Similarly, Tona et al (2014) reported improved intake and live weight gains when they fed concentrate diets with graded levels of Moringa oleifera leaves at 15% level of inclusion to goats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplemental value of leaf based concentrates with Panicum maximum hay on performance of West African dwarf goats

Abegunde¹,

Ajayi²,

Olona³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Strategic supplementation of cassava top silage to enhance rumen fermentation and milk production in lactating dairy cows in the tropics

Wanapat

Phesatcha

Viennasay

et al. 2018

Trop Anim Health Prod

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High-quality protein roughage is an important feed for productive ruminants. This study examined the effects of strategic feeding of lactating cows with cassava (Manihot esculenta) top silage (CTS) on rumen fermentation, feed intake, milk yield, and quality. Four early lactating crossbred dairy cows (75% Holstein-Friesian and 25% Thai) with body weight (BW) 410 ± 30 kg and milk yield 12 ± 2 kg/day were randomly allotted in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to four different supplementation levels of CTS namely, 0, 0.75, 1.50, and 2.25 kg/day of dry matter (DM). Strategic supplementation of CTS significantly affected ruminal fermentation end-products, especially increased propionate production, decreased protozoal population and suppressed methane production (P < 0.05). Increasing the CTS supplementation level substantially enhanced milk yield and the 3.5% FCM from 12.7 to 14.0 kg/day and from 14.6 to 17.2 kg/day (P < 0.05) for non-supplemented group and for the 2.25 kg/day supplemented group, respectively. We conclude that high-quality protein roughage significantly enhances rumen fermentation end-products, milk yield, and quality in dairy cows.

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The Effects of Dietary Urea on Microbial Populations in the Rumen of Sheep

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Substitution of rumen degradable nitrogen with urea in sheep fed low quality Eragrostis curvula hay

Substitution of rumen degradable nitrogen with urea in sheep fed low quality Eragrostis curvula hay

Supplemental value of leaf based concentrates with Panicum maximum hay on performance of West African dwarf goats

Strategic supplementation of cassava top silage to enhance rumen fermentation and milk production in lactating dairy cows in the tropics

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