The effects of dietary sulfur amino acids on growth performance, intestinal morphology, enzyme activity, and nutrient transporters in weaning piglets1

Zong, Enyan; Huang, Pengfei; Zhang, Wei; Li, Jianzhong; Li, Yali; Ding, Xueqing; Xiong, Xia; Yin, Yulong; Yang, Huansheng

doi:10.1093/jas/skx003

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…On days 14 of experiment, the BW of piglets was determined after fasting overnight, collecting the blood and tissue sample from 9 piglets of each group according to the procedure (Yang, Xiong, et al, 2016). Piglets were disposed in the experiment as described (Zong et al, 2018). Then, the mesenterium peeled off, the small intestine (SI) and large intestine (LI) were taken out and their length measured used a ruler by fixing it vertically in the experimental table.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pH value of gastrointestinal content (stomach, ileum, caecum and colon) was detected by the handheld pH meter. The intestinal sample were collected as described in the part of materials and methods (Zong et al, 2018). In this study, the intestinal sample were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde reagent to assess the intestinal morphology, and intestinal mucosa was treated to analyse mRNA expression of nutrients carriers and digestive enzyme activity.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intestinal histology was performed as previous study did (Zong et al, 2018). Briefly, intestinal tissue was dehydrated in a gradual concentration of ethanol and embedded in paraffin wax.…”

Section: Measurement Of Intestinal Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of dietary supplementation with herbal extract mixture on growth performance, organ weight and intestinal morphology in weaning piglets

Wang

Huang

et al. 2020

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Background Many countries are increasingly prohibiting the addition of antibiotics in livestock diets. Therefore, herb extracts have gradually drawn attention to substitute antibiotics. Our present study aimed to determine the effects of herbal extract mixture (HEM) in dietary on growth performance, organ weight, intestinal morphology and intestinal nutrient transporters in weaned pigs. Methods 27 piglets (Duroc × [Landrace × Yorkshire]; Body Weight (BW) = 5.99 ± 0.13 kg) were weaned at day 21 and randomly divided into three groups (n = 9 piglets/group). All piglets received a basal diet containing similar amounts of nutrients for 14 days. The three groups were the control (no additive), the antibiotics (375 mg/kg chlortetracycline, 20%, 500 mg/kg enramycin, 4%, 1,500 mg/kg oxytetracycline calcium, 50%) and the HEM group (1000 mg/kg extract mixture of golden‐and‐silver honeysuckle, huangqi, duzhong leaves and dangshen). After 14 d of treatment, we collected tissue samples to measure organ weight, intestinal parameters, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities and intestinal mRNA expression of nutrient transporters. Results The HEM group had no effects on growth performance and organ weight of weaned pigs. But compared with the control group, both HEM and antibiotics improved intestinal morphology, and HEM elevated the expression of nutrient transporters in ileum (SLC6A9, SLC15A1, and SLC5A1). HEM significantly decreased the activities of maltase in ileum and the ratio of small intestinal weight to BW than control group. Conclusions These results indicate benefit effects of the supplementation of HEM in diet, including modulating intestinal morphology and increasing the mRNA expression of nutrients transporters. These findings suggest that HEM provides novel insights into a variety of herbal extract mixtures to replace antibiotics in animal production.

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Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of dietary supplementation with herbal extract mixture on growth performance, organ weight and intestinal morphology in weaning piglets

Wang

Huang

et al. 2020

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…The piglets were grouped by BW and gender and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups fed a diet of either low (0.53%) or high (0.85%) SAA levels for a 7-d period. These doses were based on the results of prior studies (Ettle et al, 2010;Zong et al, 2018). Experimental diets were formulated to meet NRC (2012) nutrient requirements (Table 1) except for SAA levels.…”

Section: Animals and Experimental Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary sulfur amino acids affect jejunal cell proliferation and functions by affecting antioxidant capacity, Wnt/β-catenin, and the mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathways in weaning piglets1

Yan

Long

Zong

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Intestinal epithelial cells undergo rapid renewal along the crypt-villus axis (CVA), which ensures intestinal functions. Weaning stress differentially effects intestinal epithelial cell metabolism and physiological states along the CVA. Sulfur amino acids (SAA) play a key role in intestinal epithelial cell functioning. This study evaluated the effects of SAA dietary supplementation on weaning pig jejunal epithelial cells along the CVA. Sixteen Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire piglets (6.16 ± 0.22 kg BW) were weaned at 21 d of age and were blocked by BW and gender and the randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups fed diets consisting of low (0.53%) or high (0.85%) levels of SAA for a 7-d period. All piglets were euthanized for tissue sampling on day 7 postweaning. Jejunal epithelial cells were isolated along the CVA to yield 3 "cell fractions" (upper villus, middle villus, and crypt cells). The number of proliferating cells per crypt of piglets fed the high SAA diet was lower (P < 0.05) than that for low SAA diet. High SAA diet piglets tended to have decreased (P = 0.059) sucrase activities compared low SAA diet piglets. A high SAA diet increased (P < 0.05) total antioxidant capacity, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities compared with a low SAA diet. mRNA expression levels of claudin-1, Slc5a1, and Slc7a9 in high SAA diet piglets were lower (P < 0.05) than for low SAA diet piglets. There were no interactions between dietary SAA and cell sections along the CVA for enzyme activities and mRNA expression in any of the weaned piglets. Protein amounts and phosphorylation levels related to Wnt/β-catenin and mechanistic targeting of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways were affected by SAA in weaning piglets. These findings indicate that dietary SAA affects jejunal cell proliferation and functions in weaning piglets. There appears to be no interactions between dietary SAA and cell sections along the CVA. The effects of SAA may be partly through affecting antioxidant capacity, and Wnt/β-catenin and mTOR signaling pathway.

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“…Although it is beyond the scope of functional amino acids, several indispensable amino acids, such as tryptophan and sulfur amino acids, have also attracted large attention recently (108)(109)(110). A growing evidence has revealed that supplementation of these amino acids beyond the current NRC requirement brought positive effects on intestinal health of weaned pigs by regulating host physiology, metabolism, oxidative status, and immunity (108)(109)(110). The modification of gut microbiota and their metabolites by these amino acids was also highly correlated to the enhanced gut barrier functions of weaned pigs (109).…”

Section: Functional Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional intervention for the intestinal development and health of weaned pigs

Liu

2019

Journal of Animal Science

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Weaning imposes simultaneous stress, resulting in reduced feed intake and growth rate and increased morbidity and mortality of weaned pigs. Weaning impairs the intestinal integrity, disturbs digestive and absorptive capacity, and increases the intestinal oxidative stress and susceptibility of diseases in piglets. The improvement of intestinal development and health is critically important for enhancing nutrient digestibility capacity and disease resistance of weaned pigs, therefore, increasing their survival rate at this most vulnerable stage and overall productive performance during later stages. A healthy gut may include but not limited several important features: a healthy proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells, an integrated gut barrier function, a preferable or balanced gut microbiota, and a well-developed intestinal mucosa immunity. Burgeoning evidence suggested nutritional intervention are one of promising measures to enhance intestinal health of weaned pigs, although the exact protective mechanisms may vary and are still not completely understood. Previous research indicated that functional amino acids, such as arginine, cysteine, glutamine, or glutamate, may enhance intestinal mucosa immunity (i.e. increased sIgA secretion), reduce oxidative damage, stimulate proliferation of enterocytes, and enhance gut barrier function (i.e. enhanced expression of tight junction protein) of weaned pigs. A number of feed additives are marketed to assist in boosting intestinal immunity and regulating gut microbiota, therefore, reducing the negative impacts of weaning and other environmental challenges on piglets. The promising results have been demonstrated in antimicrobial peptides, clays, direct-fed microbials, micro-minerals, milk components, oligosaccharides, organic acids, phytochemicals, and many other feed additives. This review summarizes our current understanding of nutritional intervention on intestinal health and development of weaned pigs and the importance of mechanistic studies focusing on this research area.

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The effects of dietary sulfur amino acids on growth performance, intestinal morphology, enzyme activity, and nutrient transporters in weaning piglets1

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of dietary supplementation with herbal extract mixture on growth performance, organ weight and intestinal morphology in weaning piglets

Effects of dietary supplementation with herbal extract mixture on growth performance, organ weight and intestinal morphology in weaning piglets

Dietary sulfur amino acids affect jejunal cell proliferation and functions by affecting antioxidant capacity, Wnt/β-catenin, and the mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathways in weaning piglets1

Nutritional intervention for the intestinal development and health of weaned pigs

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