The Effects of Dietary Nutrients On Serum Liquids in Chinese Dietary: A Community-Based Population Study

Abstract

Background To examine the association between dietary nutrients (protein, carbohydrates, total fats, saturated fatty acids [SFA], monounsaturated fatty acids [MUFA], polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], and cholesterol) and various serum liquids in Chinese adults. Methods As a part of Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study, 46,285 Chinese participants were recruited. Dietary nutrients from various foods were computed using the Chinese Food Composition Table databases. Blood were collected to test total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Results 42,054 participants in PURE-China study were included. Mean TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG were 4.68 ± 0.99 mmol/L, 2.63 ± 0.76 mmol/L, 1.36 ± 0.33 mmol/L, and 1.55 ± 1.09 mmol/L in our study, respectively. Subjects consuming higher proteins were more likely to have higher TC, TG, LDL-C (all Ptrend<0.001). High carbohydrate intake may play a role on reduction of TC (Ptrend<0.001), TG (Ptrend=0.031), LDL-C (Ptrend<0.001) and HDL-C (Ptrend<0.001). Higher fat intake was associated with increase of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C (all Ptrend <0.001). Unlike SFAs and MUFAs, those consuming higher PUFAs are likely to have higher TG (Ptrend<0.001), but have stable LDL-C (Ptrend=0.136). Conclusions High carbohydrate intake could decrease significantly various liquids, while high-fat and high-protein intake might have harmful impacts on profile of serum liquids. Subjects consuming higher SFAs and MUFAs were more likely to have higher levels of TC and LDL-C, but the intake of PUFAs has no influence on LDL-C level.