The effects of dietary levels of inorganic phosphorus, calcium and cholecalciferol on the digestibility of phytate-P by the chick

Mohammed, Arif A.; Gibney, Michael J.; Taylor, T. G.

doi:10.1079/bjn19910029

Cited by 112 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The high CIAD for phytate P in the present study indicated that the majority of phytate P hydrolysis occurred prior to the terminal ileum, with only a 1-18% increase in phytate P hydrolysis in the hind gut. The ability of broilers to hydrolyze phytate P has been reported previously (Ballam et al, 1985;Mohammed et al, 1991) and endogenous brush-border phytase activity has been found in all segments of the small intestine, with the highest levels found in the duodenum (Maenz and Classen, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Phytate utilization and phosphorus excretion by broiler chickens fed diets containing cereal grains varying in phytate and phytase content

Leytem

Willing

Thacker

2008

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Eighty, 12-day-old, male broiler chicks, were fed one of four diets to determine the effects of feeding grains varying in phytate phosphorus (P) and intrinsic phytase activity on ileal and excreta P digestibility and composition. The diets contained approximately 970.7 g grain kg −1 (maize, high fat-low lignin oat, normal barley or low-phytate barley) with the cereal supplying the sole source of dietary P. The diets were fed for a 7-day acclimation period followed by a 2 day excreta collection while ileal digesta was collected at slaughter on day 21. The coefficients of ileal apparent digestibility (CIAD) for P and phytate P ranged from 0.79 (normal barley) to 0.86 (maize and low-phytate barley) and 0.76 (low-phytate barley) to 0.89 (maize), respectively. The CIAD for phytate P was significantly greater in the maize and high fat-low lignin oat diets, while the low-phytate barley diet had the lowest coefficient (P>0.002). The coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) for P and phytate P ranged from 0.25 (maize) to 0.35 (low-phytate barley) and 0.90 (maize and low-phytate barley) to 0.96 (high fat-low lignin oat), respectively, with no significant differences between diets. There was Abbreviations: AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists; Ca, calcium; CIAD, coefficient of ileal apparent digestibility; Cr, chromium; CTTAD, coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility; P, phosphorus; 31 P NMR, 31-phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Author's personal copy A.B. Leytem et al. / Animal Feed Science and Technology 146 (2008) 160-168 161 very little phytate P in excreta regardless of the type of grain fed (<0.13 of total P) with no significant differences between diets. Phytate P degradation was not related to the level of intrinsic phytase in the diet. In summary, current results indicate that, regardless of the type of grain fed, dietary phytate P is highly digestible when large amounts of calcium and P are not added into poultry diets and little phytate P is excreted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Mohammed et al (1991) showed that phytate P degradation in broilers up to 4 weeks of age was stimulated in maize-soybean meal diets when the dietary Ca level was decreased. Ballam et al (1985) demonstrated that high inorganic P levels in broiler diets significantly decreased phytate P hydrolysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytate utilization and phosphorus excretion by broiler chickens fed diets containing cereal grains varying in phytate and phytase content

Leytem

Willing

Thacker

2008

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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“…However, the effect was almost 50% of that of phytase. Mohammed et al (1991) reported that vitamin D 3 or its derivatives have the potential to hydrolyse phytate. Roberson and Edwards (1994) demonstrated in poultry that a combination of both phytase and 1-25-(OH) 2 D 3 resulted in greater efficiency than either compound added alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of phytase and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 inclusions on the performance, mineral balance and bone parameters of grower–finisher pigs fed low-phosphorus diets

O’Doherty

Gahan

O’Shea

et al. 2010

Animal

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Two experiments, a performance experiment and a mineral balance study, were conducted on grower-finisher pigs (42 to 101 kg live weight) to investigate the effects of Peniophora lycii phytase enzyme and 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 (25-OHD 3 ) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient retention and excretion, and bone and blood parameters. The two experiments were designed as a 2 3 2 factorial (two levels of phytase and two levels of 25-OHD 3 ). The four diets were T1, low-phosphorous diet; T2, T1 1 phytase; T3, T1 1 25-OHD 3 and T4, T1 1 phytase 1 25-OHD 3 diet. In all, 25 mg of 25-OHD 3 was used to replace 1000 IU of vitamin D 3 in diets T3 and T4. Diets were pelleted (708C) and formulated to contain similar concentrations of energy (13.8 MJ DE/kg), lysine (9.5 g/kg) and digestible phosphorus (P; 1.8 g/kg). Neither the inclusion of phytase nor 25-OHD 3 in the diet had any effect on pig performance. There was an interaction between phytase and 25-OHD 3 on calcium (Ca) and P retention ( P , 0.01) and on the apparent digestibility of ash ( P , 0.01), P ( P , 0.001) and Ca ( P , 0.001). Pigs offered phytase diets only, had a higher retention of Ca and P and digestibility of ash ( P , 0.01), P ( P , 0.001) and Ca ( P , 0.01) compared with pigs offered unsupplemented diets. However, when the combination of phytase and 25-OHD 3 were offered, no effects were detected compared with 25-OHD 3 diets only. Pigs fed phytase diets had higher bone ash ( P , 0.01), bone P ( P , 0.01) and bone Ca ( P , 0.05) concentrations compared with pigs offered non-phytase diets. In conclusion, pigs offered phytase diets had a significantly increased bone ash, Ca and P than pigs offered unsupplemented phytase diets. However, there was no advantage to offering a combination of phytase and 25-OHD 3 on either bone strength or mineral status compared to offering these feed additives separately.

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“…The main dietary factors affecting phytate P availability in poultry are concentration of calcium (Ca) and activity of phytase present in feeds. Ca inhibits phytate hydrolysis and decreases P availability in poultry diets (Scheideler and Sell, 1987;Mohammed et al, 1991). Various feed components differ in endogenous phytase activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestibility of phosphorus in laying hens fed a wheat-maize-soyabean diet and the excreta phosphorus fractions

Marounek¹,

Skřivan²,

Dlouhá³

et al. 2008

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Availability of phytate phosphorus (P) was determined in ISA Brown hens 21 and 47 weeks old, fed a wheat-maize-soyabean diet, without a phytase supplement. The diet contained total and phytate P at 4.99 and 1.58 g/kg, respectively. The average body weight and hen-day egg production were 1.56 kg and 0.52, and 1.92 kg and 1.00 for younger and older hens, respectively. Phytate in the feed and faeces was determined by a capillary isotachophoretic method. Availability of phytate P and proportion of dietary Ca retained was non-signifi cantly higher in older hens than in younger ones (47.3 and 56.7% vs 38.7 and 44.4%, respectively). Amount of P retained was similar in both groups (199 and 194 mg/day in younger and older birds, respectively). Amount of Ca retained was signifi cantly higher in older than in younger hens (2.87 and 1.69 g/day, respectively; P<0.05). Dry matter of excreta of 47-week-old hens contained signifi cantly (P<0.05) more total and phosphate P than excreta of 21-week-old hens (14.8 and 8.9 mg/g vs 12.3 and 5.9 mg/g dry matter, respectively). Phytate P represented 30.9% of excreta P in younger and 23.0% in older hens. Corresponding proportions of phosphate P were 48.0 and 60.1%. Differences between younger and older hens in proportions of P fractions were statistically signifi cant (P<0.05). Excreta of 21-week-old hens and those of 47-week-old hens contained 78.1 and 63.0 mg of Ca/g dry matter, respectively (P<0.05). Thus, the age and different egg production signifi cantly affect retention of Ca and excreta composition in laying hens. The effect of age on phytate availability was less pronounced.

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The effects of dietary levels of inorganic phosphorus, calcium and cholecalciferol on the digestibility of phytate-P by the chick

Cited by 112 publications

References 22 publications

Phytate utilization and phosphorus excretion by broiler chickens fed diets containing cereal grains varying in phytate and phytase content

Phytate utilization and phosphorus excretion by broiler chickens fed diets containing cereal grains varying in phytate and phytase content

Effects of phytase and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 inclusions on the performance, mineral balance and bone parameters of grower–finisher pigs fed low-phosphorus diets

Digestibility of phosphorus in laying hens fed a wheat-maize-soyabean diet and the excreta phosphorus fractions

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