The effects of diet and other factors on the lipid composition of ruminant tissues and milk

Christie, William W.

doi:10.1016/0079-6832(79)90009-0

Cited by 101 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 249 publications

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“…In the absence of short-chain fatty acids, c9-18:1, also low in melting point (14°C), could be substituted. In the present study, fatty acids of 10:0 to 16:0 carbons decreased from 52.2 to 43.0 g/100 g in milk fat during grazing compared with total mixed ration feeding (Table 4), consistent with the literature (Christie, 1979;Timmen and Patton, 1988;Kelly et al, 1998) that short-and medium-chain fatty acids (C4-16) decrease when cows receive their forage from pasture. In that case, CLA synthesis may increase as a compensatory mechanism to maintain milk fat liquidity, because t11-18:1 (melting point 44 o C) does not exist in a liquid form at body temperature and physicochemically resembles 18:0 (melting point 69 o C) rather than c9-18:1 (melting point 14 o C).…”

Section: Clasupporting

confidence: 80%

Grazing increases the concentration of CLA in dairy cow milk

Lahlou

Kanneganti

Massingill

et al. 2014

animal

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An experiment was conducted to examine whether increased CLA in milk of dairy cows fed fresh pasture compared with alfalfa and corn silages was because of ruminal or endogenous synthesis. Eight Holsteins were fed a total mixed ration using alfalfa and corn silages as the forage source in confinement or grazed in a replicated crossover design. The proportion of total fatty acids as CLA (primarily c9, t11-18:2) in g/100 g was 0.44 v. 0.28 in ruminal digesta, 0.89 v. 0.53 in omasal digesta and 0.71 v. 1.06 in milk during confinement feeding and grazing, respectively. Blood plasma CLA was 0.54 v. 1.05 mg/l for the two treatments, respectively. The increased concentration of CLA in milk with grazing likely resulted from increased synthesis through desaturation of t11-18:1 in the mammary gland.

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Section: Clasupporting

confidence: 80%

Grazing increases the concentration of CLA in dairy cow milk

Lahlou

Kanneganti

Massingill

et al. 2014

animal

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“…The amount of arachidonic acid found in the blood depends on dietary intake and synthesis from linoleic acid in the liver. Feedstuffs (and adipose tissue reserves) contain very little arachidonic acid [35] and FA secretion (VLDL) by the ruminant liver is limited [36] especially in cows post partum. Therefore, linoleic acid taken up by the liver and converted to arachidonic acid may not be effectively released into the circulation.…”

Section: Follicle Growth and Progesterone Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a supplement rich in linolenic acid added to the diet of post partum dairy cows on ovarian follicle growth, and milk and plasma fatty acid compositions

et al. 2006

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-The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a linseed supplement on follicle growth, progesterone concentrations and milk and plasma fatty acids in dairy cows post partum. Sixteen Holstein cows were given a basal total mixed diet plus one of two supplements: control (C; extruded soybeans; n = 8) or linseed (L; extruded linseeds; n = 8). One month after calving oestrous cycles were synchronised (PRID ® ). Follicle growth and milk progesterone concentrations were measured every 2 d over the induced oestrous cycle. Milk production characteristics were unaffected by treatment. The L cows lost significantly more BCS than the C cows (P < 0.01). Plasma insulin, glucose and urea were unaffected by the treatment. Plasma NEFA tended to be affected by the treatment (L > C, P = 0.08). The proportions of 18:3n-3 in milk and plasma were increased by L compared to C (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). There was an effect of dietary supplement on the numbers of small follicles (L < C, P < 0.05). Milk progesterone was unaffected by treatment. In conclusion, the increased supply of 18:3n-3 to the cows had only a modest effect on follicle populations and corpus luteum activity was unchanged.linolenic acid / milk and plasma fatty acids / follicle growth / dairy cows

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“…The lipid classes were identified by comparing R f values with those of the standard mixture (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). Standard mixtures contained PL (phosphatidylcholine), monoglycerides (MG; monomiristoil), diglycerides (DG; dioleine), C, free-fatty acids (FFA; oleic acid), TG; trioleine and cholesterol esters (CE; cholesterol oleate), according to the concentrations reported by Christie (1981) in beef, and they were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (Madrid, Spain). Each lipid spot was integrated using an imaging densitometer Bio-Rad GS-700 (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CS, USA).…”

Section: Animals and Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of weight at slaughter and breed on beef intramuscular lipid classes and fatty acid profile

Induráin

Beriain

Sarriés

et al. 2010

Animal

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The effect of slaughter weight and breed on the composition of intramuscular fat (IMF) of seven Spanish cattle breeds was studied. Lipid classes and fatty acids were evaluated in young bulls of seven local Spanish cattle breeds, Asturiana, Avileñ a, Morucha, Parda Alpina, Pirenaica, Retinta and Rubia Gallega, slaughtered at a live weight of 320 kg (veal type) and 550 kg (yearling bull type). Higher slaughter weight and early maturating breeds produced higher IMF content in the longissimus muscle (P , 0.001), which was linked to a reduction in phospholipids, monoglycerides, diglycerides, cholesterol and free-fatty acids content, but an increase in triacylglycerols. Besides, heavier animals displayed a higher percentage of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), but a lower polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) percentage (P , 0.001). The increase in triglycerides (TG), saturated fatty acids (SFA) and MUFA illustrates the increasing importance of lipid storage as fattening proceeds and the acquisition of ruminal functionality. The feeding system based on cereals had a strong influence on the fatty acid profile, giving the studied beef a relatively high PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios.

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The effects of diet and other factors on the lipid composition of ruminant tissues and milk

Cited by 101 publications

References 249 publications

Grazing increases the concentration of CLA in dairy cow milk

Grazing increases the concentration of CLA in dairy cow milk

Effect of a supplement rich in linolenic acid added to the diet of post partum dairy cows on ovarian follicle growth, and milk and plasma fatty acid compositions

Effect of weight at slaughter and breed on beef intramuscular lipid classes and fatty acid profile

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