The effects of CuSO4 on Cryptocaryon irritans tomonts and its potential mechanism

Gao, Muqun; Cui, Hao; Fang, Wenhong; Hu, Haojie; Miao, Liyun; Jin, Songqing; Xie, Jiasong; Ma, Rongrong

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738578

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, due to the high levels of labor, material resources required and stress on the fish, these methods are not suitable for large‐scale use. The chemical copper sulphate is commonly used and is relatively effective for the prevention and control of C. irritans in aquaculture (Gao et al, 2022). Recent studies have shown that copper causes cell death through the direct binding of copper ions to the fatty acylated components of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in mitochondrial respiration, resulting in proteotoxic stress and ultimately cell death (Tsvetkov et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of copper sulphate on Cryptocaryon irritans based on metabolome analysis

Zhan

Miao

Zhao

et al. 2023

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Cryptocaryon irritans is one of the most harmful marine parasites in mariculture.Copper sulphate is often used to kill parasites and the influence of copper sulphate on the tomont stage of C. irritans was explored in this study. The results showed that excystment rate was not significantly affected when tomonts were exposed to 5 mg/L (76.7%) and 10 mg/L (78.9%) of copper sulphate for 3 h. However, excystment rate was significantly inhibited when exposed to 15 mg/L (33.3%) for 3 h and 5 mg/L (28.9%), 10 mg/L (33.3%) and 15 mg/L (33.3%) for 6 h. After treatment with high concentrations of copper sulphate, the interior of the tomonts was fuzzy under the microscope, and the division process could not be observed. Metabolomic results combined with preliminary transcriptome analysis results showed that the tomonts were induced to produce linoleate, riboflavin, inositol and other substances under the stress of Cu 2+ , which affected the antioxidant mechanism of the body. Using MDA content determination and antioxidant enzyme activity analysis, copper sulphate was found to cause oxidative damage to tomonts by affecting the generation of metabolites, leading to the death of tomonts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of copper sulphate on Cryptocaryon irritans based on metabolome analysis

Zhan

Miao

Zhao

et al. 2023

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…Many studies have attempted to develop treatments for cryptocaryoniasis. Classical treatments such as copper cation treatment, hyposaline treatment, chloroquine and quinine hydrochloride are reported to be effective at killing or inactivating the parasite in sea water (Colorni, 1985, 1987; Colorni & Burgess, 1997; Dujin, 1973; Gao et al, 2022; Herwig, 1978; Nigrelli & Ruggieri, 1966; Tookwinas, 1989; Wilkie & Gordin, 1969). All, however, have limitations such as negative effects on fish health, fish product safety and the marine environment (Cassidy, 1995; Colorni & Burgess, 1997; Yanong, 2010; Zhong et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Biokos, a natural lipopeptide surfactant extracted from a bacterium of the Pseudomonas genus, on infection of Cryptocaryon irritans

Watanabe,

Hansen,

Kotake

et al. 2023

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Cryptocaryoniasis (marine white spot disease), caused by Cryptocaryon irritans, is a major threat to marine fish cultures in tropical and subtropical waters, and a serious nuisance to hobbyists with saltwater fish tanks. With only classical treatment schedules such as copper salts or hyposaline baths being available, control of the disease remains a challenge. In this study, we investigated the effect of Biokos, a viscosin‐like lipopeptide surfactant extracted from a bacterium of the Pseudomonas genus, on the external life stages of C. irritans, including theronts, protomonts and tomonts. The present study demonstrated that the compound has an antiparasitic effect on all tested external stages of the parasite. In particular, when Biokos was used at 48 mg/L, it was able to kill almost all theronts and protomonts within 1 h in in vitro experiments, and using the same concentration in an in vivo challenge experiment, the parasitic load was reduced by more than 95% compared to the control group with no Biokos. Additionally, cultured fish cells were able to proliferate, and fish showed no adverse signs at Biokos concentrations that were effective in killing the parasite. Thus, Biokos may be a promising way for preventing or reducing the burden of this parasitic disease in the future.

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“…Industrial wastewater and drug abuse have been endangering the health of aquaculture animals for years. Copper ions are not only common components of industrial heavy metal waste, but also the main components of some aquatic drugs [1]. Scholars have carried out a great deal of meaningful work on the toxicology of copper ions in aquatic animals, achieving many research results [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Cu2+ Exposure on the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway of Tilapia Hepatocyte, Base on Experiments In Vitro

Wang

Zhang

2023

Fishes

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Copper is a common component of industrial heavy metal waste and a major component of some fish medicines, which can cause oxidative stress and damage the health of farmed fish. The Nrf2 signaling pathway is an important pathway related to the oxidative stress on vertebrates. Exploring the effect of copper on the Nrf2 signaling pathway in fish hepatocytes would help improve the understanding of the molecular mechanism of antioxidants in fish hepatocytes and provide theoretical data for relevant toxicological research. Adult tilapia were cultured under properly controlled conditions for two weeks to adapt to laboratory culture conditions. Primary tilapia hepatocytes were obtained by cell culture. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was used to detect the effect of copper ions on the viability of tilapia hepatocytes. The lipid peroxidation level (MDA) and antioxidant ability of tilapia hepatocytes (SOD and CAT activity) were detected. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the differential expression of each gene (Nrf2, Keap1a, Keap1b, CuZnSOD, MnSOD, HO-1, and GSTA) in the Nrf2 signaling pathway. The results suggested that after treatment with 100 μM copper ions for 4 h, 8 h, and 24 h, the viability of hepatocytes significantly decreased (p < 0.05). LDH and MDA after 8 h and 24 h treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). CAT activity significantly decreased after 4 h (p < 0.05), and SOD activity significantly decreased after 8 h and 24 h (p < 0.05). The results of qPCR showed that the expression of MnSOD significantly increased after a treatment with copper ions for 4 h, and the expression of Nrf2, Keap1a, CuZnSOD, HO-1 as well as GSTA significantly increased after a treatment with copper ions for 8 h, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). After being treated with copper ions for 24 h, the expression of Nrf2 and CuZnSOD significantly increased compared with the control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of Keap1b or CAT at each time point. In conclusion, with copper ions exposure, the viability of tilapia hepatocytes was reduced, causing lipid peroxidation, a reduction in the antioxidant capacity of cells, the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, and the increase in the expression of most genes in this pathway, which are defensive responses of hepatocytes to oxidative stress caused by copper ions. This study can provide theoretical data for related toxicological research.

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The effects of CuSO4 on Cryptocaryon irritans tomonts and its potential mechanism

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of copper sulphate on Cryptocaryon irritans based on metabolome analysis

Effect of copper sulphate on Cryptocaryon irritans based on metabolome analysis

Effect of Biokos, a natural lipopeptide surfactant extracted from a bacterium of the Pseudomonas genus, on infection of Cryptocaryon irritans

The Effect of Cu2+ Exposure on the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway of Tilapia Hepatocyte, Base on Experiments In Vitro

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