The effects of cue control relaxation on adults with severe mental retardation

Anxiety Disorders in Persons with Developmental Disabilities: Empirically Informed Diagnosis and Treatment

“…One multiple group study involved 50 patients with MR who were divided into four groups and given different forms of relaxation training while ratings of anxiety and pulse rate were assessed before and after treatment and compared to a control group which received no training in relaxation [78]. A second case controlled study of adults with MR demonstrated that behavioral relaxation reduced anxiety over several sessions and that anxiety could be reduced with cue controlled relaxation after previous behavioral training [81]. Other studies of single cases or a few cases highlight some of the DD-specific modifications to standard behavioral and cognitive approaches to the treatment of anxiety.…”

The Effects of Behaviour Relaxation Training on Adults with Profound Multiple Disabilities: A Preliminary Study on Treatment Effectiveness

“…Lindsay et al, 1989 suggested that behaviour relaxation training (BRT) produced quicker and more substantial improvements than other psychological treatments for three reasons: it is a straightforward technique which does not require an understanding of internal states of tension and relaxation; unlike other forms of relaxation treatment, it does not require the participants to tense their muscles in order to induce relaxation; it has excellent face validity in that participants are asked to do what is ultimately required of them without any intervening procedures. These demonstations of effectiveness have been replicated on several occasions (Lindsay & Baty, 1986;McPhail & Chamov, 1989;Williams, 1990;Turk & Francis, 1990;Lindsay et al, 1994;Lindsay & Morrison, in press).…”

“…Because BRT is not dependent on conceptual understanding, it may be useful as an adjunct or addition to behaviour modification in helping people with profound learning disability to overcome problems associated with agitation and anxiety. Lindsay et al (1989Lindsay et al ( , 1994 suggested that simply to induce relaxation in a previously agitated group of people could be regarded as an unethical management technique. Therefore they recommended that relaxation only be used as an enabling technique to allow individuals to become more accessible to their social, occupational or recreational environment.…”

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Position Paper

“…Some CAM techniques currently being utilized in occupational therapy include: guided imagery, massage, myofascial release, meditation, yoga, and behavioral relaxation training (Lindsay, Fee, Michie, & Heap, 1994;Scott, 1999). Because individuals receiving occupational therapy services are embedded in their cultures and because some CAM practices are embedded within particular cultures, occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants need to understand how those cultures influence where and when to use CAM techniques.…”