The Effects of Core Proprioception on Knee Injury

Abstract

Impaired core proprioception, measured by active proprioceptive repositioning of the trunk, predicted knee injury risk in female, but not male, athletes.

The layer concept: utilization in determining the pain generators, pathology and how structure determines treatment

“…Whether the hip joint is the cause of dysfunction or the victim, there has been evidence since 1939 that there exists a chain of adaptive reactions changing movement patterns throughout the system. This can occur from the foot up to the pelvis and from the trunk down to the foot [53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. Bullock-Saxton [60] and Janda [40] demonstrated this further in examining muscle activation patterns in male athletes who had chronic ankle sprains (> four months).…”

Dynamic Trunk Stabilization: A Conceptual Back Injury Prevention Program for Volleyball Athletes

“…59,62 This dynamic stability controls excessive or poorly controlled trunk motion following perturbation 14,29,31,32,142 and attenuates the sudden forces that contribute to low back 48,60 and lower extremity pain and injury. 28,70,141,142 Volleyball players are at risk for sustaining both acute and chronic back injury. 12,132 Having effective dynamic trunk stability is vital to both back injury prevention and to performance.…”

“…39,51 Back neuromuscular fatigue, inflammation, deconditioning, and pain are related to regional and lower extremity neuromuscular dysfunction and atrophy. 10,67,83,126,141,142 Maladaptive transversus abdominis and multifidus motor control may also be related to altered posture, muscle imbalance, and sedentary lifestyles. O'Sullivan et al 110 reported that low back pain induced trunk muscle dysfunction has a greater negative effect on coactivation and recruitment patterns than on strength.…”

“…It has been estimated that up to 95% of neural system development occurs by 7 years of age; therefore, appropriate coordination development during these formative years is essential, particularly for female athletes. 70,118,141,142 Between 13 and 16 years of age, however, the focus shifts to developing foundational volleyball skills such as setting, serving, test before participating in more intense activities. 42 Individuals with a history of low back pain often have poor hamstring extensibility, poor spinal flexibility, a reduced lumbar lordosis, and hip muscle weakness or imbalance.…”

“…28,53,67,94,126,141,142 The program should also contribute to a performance advantage, which should improve adherence. Phase 1 focuses on developing foundational motor control, kinesthetic awareness, and endurance during slower velocity movements, with clinician-provided cues to establish biomechanically neutral spine alignment in…”