The Effects of Copper Sulfate on Liver Histology and Biochemical Parameters of Term Ross Broiler Chicks

Abstract

Copper is an essential trace element that is extremely toxic to organisms and organs at high doses. We have investigated the histological and biochemical effects of a toxic dose of copper sulfate on the liver of term Ross broiler chicks. Fertilized eggs were divided into three groups: experimental, injected with 50 mcg/0.1 ml copper sulfate in the air chambers on day 1; sham, injected with 0.1 ml saline; and control, no injection. Term chicks were killed and their livers investigated histologically, with hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections examined under light microscopy, and biochemically, for malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. Histological examinations showed copper-treated samples with granular degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes and impairment to the cell lining of the remark cords. The samples had a congestive appearance, with blood in the vena centralis and sinusoids, slight connective tissue increase, and lymphocyte infiltration. Control and sham group sections had normal appearances. As oxidative damage parameters, in the copper-treated group, malondialdehyde levels were increased and glutathione levels decreased. In the sham and control groups, there were no significant differences. At this toxic dose, copper sulfate shows oxidative damage according to the histology of term chick liver that are confirmed biochemically by the changes in malondialdehyde and glutathione levels.

Mitigating the Growth, Biochemical Changes, Genotoxic and Pathological Effects of Copper Toxicity in Broiler Chickens by Supplementing Vitamins C and E

“…Histopathological check established the results of CuSO 4 -intoxicated chickens in the existing inquest and it is in coordination with the earlier report of Oguz et al [ 38 ], Shahzad et al [ 40 ], Wang et al [ 11 ] in chickens and Baruah et al [ 104 ] in ducks with copper toxicity. Similarly, other studies exhibited a significant inflammatory cell infiltration and hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration [ 105 ], severe microscopic changes, including vacuolar degeneration, local tissue necrosis, and blurred hepatic lobules in birds-supplemented with 300 mg Cu/kg diet [ 47 ].…”

“…Although the level of copper up to 100 to 200 mg/kg as CuSO 4 improves growth performance in the broilers [ 9 , 35 , 36 , 37 ], incompatible effects such as poor feed intake, decrease in body weight, and hematobiochemical changes at higher doses of copper have been reported [ 38 , 39 , 40 ]. In this study, no clinical signs or mortality were perceived during the experimental period in Vit.…”

Alleviating Effects of Vitamins C and E Supplementation on Oxidative Stress, Hematobiochemical, and Histopathological Alterations Caused by Copper Toxicity in Broiler Chickens

“…Oxidative damage is one of the hallmarks of copper toxicity [75]. Previous studies disclosed that copper toxicity increased MDA production and decreased antioxidant activity in broiler blood [61,76,77]. Increased MDA in copper-treated broilers has been associated with excessive production of ROS or ROS accretion due to the ineffectiveness of the antioxidant system after long-term exposure [78].…”

Evaluation of some heavy metals residues in batteries and deep litter rearing systems in Japanese quail meat and offal in Egypt

“…Cadmium toxic effects induced the detoxification in liver and kidney enzymes, which may lead to kidney dysfunction, hepatic injury, lung damage, and hypertension reaching to teratogenic effect [13-15]. Overdoses of copper, causes liver oxidative damage, and hepatic granular degeneration [16]. Lead poisonous has neurotoxic effect, cellular inactivation, binds to gastrointestinal enzymes, and renal systems [17-19].…”