The Effects of Climate Modes on Growing-Season Length and Timing of Reproduction in the Pacific Northwest as Revealed by Biophysical Modeling of Lizards

Zani, Peter A.; Rollyson, Mary E.

doi:10.1674/0003-0031-165.2.372

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In more southern populations, Uta are active year round and females regularly produce multiple clutches of eggs (Cowles, 1941;Sinervo and Doughty, 1996;Tinkle, 1967). The latitude and altitude of this population typically limit Uta activity to a short growing season from April to October; females lay one or two clutches of eggs depending on their size/age (Nussbaum et al, 1983;Zani, 2005) and seasonal conditions (Zani and Rollyson, 2011). While mature females regularly lay two clutches (and in some years possibly three), yearlings frequently lay only one clutch unless environmental conditions are especially favorable (Zani, 2005;Zani and Rollyson, 2011).…”

Section: Study Organism and Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon oviposition of a female's first clutch in the lab [for details, see Zani (Zani, 2005)], dam mass (to 0.01g using an electronic balance) and SVL (to 0.5mm using a linear rule) were measured. Lizards were then placed into an outdoor common-garden environment of 12 identical 0.8m 2 circular cages similar to those described elsewhere (Zani and Rollyson, 2011), but with the addition of mesh covers made from bird block and PVC and a 40ϫ40cm piece of garden shade cloth for thermal heterogeneity. Cages were set up in an outdoor area ~20km from the source population and received similar macroenvironmental conditions.…”

Section: Ovarian Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Females in this group remained in the wild until they were determined (by abdominal palpation) to be gravid with shelled eggs, at which point they were brought to the lab to oviposit, which occurred no more than 3days after collection. Because there is a negative correlation between age and lay date (Zani, 2008;Zani and Rollyson, 2011), determination of first versus second clutch was based on age (estimated by SVL) and encounter date. For example, Zani (Zani, 2008) reported that the size versus lay date r-0.687 (P<0.001).…”

Section: Natural Control Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other ecotherms, such as fishes, temperature is partly responsible for seasonal gonadal activity and maturation of oocytes (Koya and Kamiya, 2000). For reptiles in seasonal environments, temperature may act as an exogenous stimulus to alter the largely endogenously controlled rhythm of the ovarian cycle in terms of follicular growth and reproductive timing (Medonça, 1987;Tinkle and Irwin, 1965;Zani and Rollyson, 2011). In at least some viviparous reptiles, both growth rates and phenotypes of hatchlings vary with thermal conditions during the ovarian cycle (Hare and Cree, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of night-time warming on temperate ectotherm reproduction: potential fitness benefits of climate change for side-blotched lizards

Clarke

Zani

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYTemperate ectotherms, especially those at higher latitudes, are expected to benefit from climate warming, but few data yet exist to verify this prediction. Furthermore, most previous studies on the effects of climate change utilized a model of uniform annual change, which assumes that temperature increases are symmetric on diurnal or seasonal time scales. In this study, we simulated observed trends in the asymmetric alteration of diurnal temperature range by increasing night-time temperatures experienced by female lizards during their ovarian cycle as well as by the resulting eggs during their incubation. We found that higher night-time temperatures during the ovarian cycle increased the probability of reproductive success and decreased the duration of the reproductive cycle, but did not affect embryo stage or size at oviposition, clutch size, egg mass or relative clutch mass. Furthermore, higher incubation temperatures increased hatchling size and decreased incubation period but had no effect on incubation success. Subsequent hatchlings were more likely to survive winter if they hatched earlier, though our sample size of hatchlings was relatively small. These findings indicate that higher night-time temperatures mainly affect rate processes and that certain aspects of life history are less directly temperature dependent. As our findings confirm that climate warming is likely to increase the rate of development as well as advance reproductive phenology, we predict that warmer nights during the breeding season will increase reproductive output as well as subsequent survival in many temperate ectotherms, both of which should have positive fitness effects. Supplementary material available online at

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Section: Study Organism and Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ovarian Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Control Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of night-time warming on temperate ectotherm reproduction: potential fitness benefits of climate change for side-blotched lizards

Clarke

Zani

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Several studies have analyzed the effects of climate change on the activity or behavior of lizards, such as changes in their phenology or fitness in response to increases in temperature (Bull and Burzacott 2002;Chamaillé-Jammes et al 2006;Moreno-Rueda et al 2012;Telemeco et al 2009;Gunderson and Leal 2012) or changes in their life-history strategies and reproduction behavior (Zani and Rollyson 2011). However, few studies have identified the major climatic factors that influence lizard distributions in different regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can changes in the distribution of lizard species over the past 50 years be attributed to climate change?

2015

Theor Appl Climatol

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We analyzed changes in the distributions of nine lizard species in China over the past 50 years and identified whether these changes could be attributed to climate change. Long-term records of lizard distributions, grey relational analysis, fuzzy set classification techniques, and attribution methods were used. The distribution of nearly half of the lizard species primarily shifted northward, westward, or eastward since the 1970s, and most changes were related to the thermal index. In response to climate change over the past 50 years, the distribution boundary and center of some species have mainly shifted northward, westward, or eastward, with some irregular shifting during the process. The observed and predicted changes in distribution were highly consistent for some lizard species. The changes in the northern and eastern distribution limits of nearly half of the lizard species and the western limits and distribution centers of several species can be attributed to climate change.

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Life‐history differences across latitude in common side‐blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana)

Smith

Zani

French

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Life‐history strategies are known to shift with latitude in many species. While life‐history variation related to body size, reproductive investment, and behavior has been studied for years, another crucial life‐history component is the immune system, which can influence an animal's survival. We measured selected life‐history traits in side‐blotched lizards in southern Utah and Oregon in the field for two consecutive years and conducted a common‐garden experiment in the laboratory to determine how organisms from different latitudes optimize either immunity or reproduction. We observed lizards from southern populations, which are known to be shorter‐lived, had lower immune function during reproduction when compared to northern lizards in 2012, but the relationship reversed in the following year. Our laboratory study revealed that southern lizards healed cutaneous wounds faster and had higher microbiocidal ability when compared to their northern counterparts, but lost mass doing so. The northern lizards ate more than the southern ones and maintained their body mass. It is possible that northern lizards are better adapted to taking advantage of available food resources. Alternatively, southern lizards may have exhibited sickness behavior in response to an immune challenge or reacted more strongly to the stress of captivity. We found differences in life‐history strategies used by animals from different latitudes, and that these changes can shift within a population depending on the weather conditions of the year. Furthermore, when taken from the field and placed into a common‐garden environment, some of these differences in strategy appear to be intrinsic to the animals (i.e., whether they came from southern or northern populations).

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The Effects of Climate Modes on Growing-Season Length and Timing of Reproduction in the Pacific Northwest as Revealed by Biophysical Modeling of Lizards

Cited by 13 publications

References 60 publications

Effects of night-time warming on temperate ectotherm reproduction: potential fitness benefits of climate change for side-blotched lizards

Effects of night-time warming on temperate ectotherm reproduction: potential fitness benefits of climate change for side-blotched lizards

Can changes in the distribution of lizard species over the past 50 years be attributed to climate change?

Life‐history differences across latitude in common side‐blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana)

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