The effects of climate change in Switzerland 1969–1996 on airborne pollen quantities from hazel, birch and grass

Frei, Thomas

doi:10.1080/00173139809362662

Cited by 91 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Pollen calendars are very useful for clinicians as well as allergic patients to understand and establish chronological correlations between the seasonal concentration and allergic symptoms and the different airborne pollen. In keeping with other studies [26], our investigation reported an increase in pollen concentrations of olive and ragweed, which are non-indigenous in our geoclimatic zone, and a decrease in the pollen concentrations of indigenous grasses. This trend appears as a consequence of the increase in non-indigenous trees growing in parks and avenues, in private gardens or in forest conservation areas, and a grass pollen decrease resulting from urban sprawl and the progressive reduction in cultivated areas, such as permanent lawns and pastureland, by 34.9% from 1990 to 2000 in this geographic area [27] and, in part, also of global atmospheric changes [28], such as the trend of an increase in the annual temperature observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Airborne Pollen Concentrations and the Incidence of Allergic Asthma and Rhinoconjunctivitis in Northern Italy from 1992 to 2003

Ridolo

Albertini²,

Giordano³

et al. 2006

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Aeroallergens and the environment play an important role in the pathogenesis of respiratory allergies. In a 12-year study carried out in Northern Italy (geographic area of Parma), the effects of airborne pollen and meteorological conditions on the incidence of allergic asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis were evaluated. Patients and Methods: Among 9,060 subjects examined for respiratory pathologies at our Allergy Unit, Parma Hospital, Italy, from 1992 to 2003, only 1,054 positive to only one type of inhalant allergen in the skin prick test were studied, to avoid bias of cross-reactivity. Allergy and clinical aspects were compared with the duration of the pollination period, and peaks and total concentrations of airborne pollen. Results: Our data showed a significantly growing trend of allergy to mites, pets and birch pollen and a significant increase in asthma, and a significantly decreasing trend of positive reactions to grasses and a decrease in rhinoconjunctivitis. At the same time, there was a significant decrease in total pollen counts, concentration peaks and pollination period of grasses. A significant increase was only observed in ragweed and ash-olive total and peak pollen concentrations. Conclusions: Significant correlations between the increasing incidence in asthma and allergy to mites, pets and birch pollen are shown. The decrease in the total pollen count and concentration peaks of grass pollen was correlated to the decreasing trend of rhinoconjunctivitis. The trend of increasing concentrations of ash-olive and ragweed pollen was not accompanied by an increase in the related allergy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Airborne Pollen Concentrations and the Incidence of Allergic Asthma and Rhinoconjunctivitis in Northern Italy from 1992 to 2003

Ridolo

Albertini²,

Giordano³

et al. 2006

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…This hypothesis is supported by investigations of the relationships between modern phenological phenomema and climate patterns (Kramer et al, 2000) and by modern pollen monitoring studies in Europe. For example, cold weather conditions during winter and spring result in a reduction of the annual pollen productivity and a delay of the start of the pollen season of tree species that are favoured by high temperatures, such as Alnus, Corylus and Ulmus (Andersen, 1972;Frenguelli, 1993;Jäger et al, 1996;Frei, 1998;Spieksma et al, 2003;Kasprzyk et al, 2004). The clear decline of the pollen percentages of these taxa may therefore reflect their phenological inability to adapt to an abrupt lowering of the winter and early spring temperatures during the 8200 cal yr BP event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial structure of the 8200 cal yr BP event in northern Europe

et al. 2007

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Abstract.A synthesis of well-dated high-resolution pollen records suggests a spatial structure in the 8200 cal yr BP event in northern Europe. The temperate, thermophilous tree taxa, especially Corylus, Ulmus, and Alnus, decline abruptly between 8300 and 8000 cal yr BP at most sites located south of 61 • N, whereas there is no clear change in pollen values at the sites located in the North-European tree-line region. Pollen-based quantitative temperature reconstructions and several other, independent palaeoclimate proxies, such as lacustrine oxygen-isotope records, reflect the same pattern, with no detectable cooling in the sub-arctic region. The observed patterns challenges the general view of the widespread occurrence of the 8200 cal yr BP event in the North Atlantic region. An alternative explanation is that the cooling during the 8200 cal yr BP event took place mostly during the winter and spring, and the ecosystems in the south responded sensitively to the cooling during the onset of the growing season. In contrast, in the sub-arctic area, where the vegetation was still dormant and lakes ice-covered, the cold event is not reflected in pollen-based or lake-sediment-based records.

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“…Predominant grasses in the Brisbane region ower in summer when minimum temperatures are above 14 C and precipitation levels are greatest. Dry conditions during winter ± spring in Melbourne were considered to delay the grass pollen season (Ong et al 1995(Ong et al b, 1997 and in Europe the same phenomena has been documented (Frei 1998). The relatively low frequencies of grass pollen captured during the 1997 ± 98 and 1998 ± 99 seasons may relate to precipitation values at the time of pollen release.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flower initiation may vary from year to year and be affected by rainfall and temperature regimes with consequent variations in the onset of anthesis. Rainfall, temperature, relative humidity and wind direction at anthesis may also affect pollen release and pollen dispersal in the atmosphere (Fornaciari et al 1992, Frei 1998, Caramiello et al 1994, Rutherford et al 1997, Reddi et al 1988. The onset and duration of the pollen seasons of the woody taxa Cupressaceae, Casuarinaceae, Pinaceae and Myrtaceae was relatively constant for each of the ve years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne pollen of Brisbane, Australia: A five-year record, 1994 - 1999

Green¹,

Dettmann²,

Rutherford³

et al. 2002

Grana

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. The seasonal incidence of pollen in the atmosphere of Brisbane has been established from a near ± continuous, volumetric trapping program over the ve-year period, July 1994 ± June 1999. Grass pollen accounts for 71.6% of the average annual pollen load with highest densities (up to 150 grains/m 3 ) recorded in summer and autumn. Signi cant contributions were also made by taxa of the Cupressaceae (8.7%) and Urticaceae (1.8%) during spring and of the Pinaceae (4.5%) during winter. Pollen seasons of the Casuarinaceae (6.5%) and Myrtaceae (3.2%) are more extended, the former peaking in late winter and the latter in late spring. The onset and duration of the Poaceae and Urticaceae seasons varied from year to year, being later when precipitation levels were low in the late spring ± early summer months.Total pollen numbers and grass pollen densities are substantially less than those recorded from southern Australia. Nevertheless, respiratory disease in Brisbane affects up to 10% of the population, and airborne pollen of Poaceae, Urticaceae, Cupressaceae, Pinaceae, and Myrtaceae have been implicated in the release of allergens.

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The effects of climate change in Switzerland 1969–1996 on airborne pollen quantities from hazel, birch and grass

Cited by 91 publications

References 23 publications

Airborne Pollen Concentrations and the Incidence of Allergic Asthma and Rhinoconjunctivitis in Northern Italy from 1992 to 2003

Airborne Pollen Concentrations and the Incidence of Allergic Asthma and Rhinoconjunctivitis in Northern Italy from 1992 to 2003

Spatial structure of the 8200 cal yr BP event in northern Europe

Airborne pollen of Brisbane, Australia: A five-year record, 1994 - 1999

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