The effects of cigarettes and alcohol on intestinal microbiota in healthy men

Lin, Renbin; Zhang, Yawen; Chen, Luyi; Qi, Yadong; He, Jiamin; Hu, Mengjia; Zhang, Ying; Fan, Li; Yang, Tao; Wang, Lan; Si, Misi; Chen, Shujie

doi:10.1007/s12275-020-0006-7

Cited by 31 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A low abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003 was observed in SCD patients compared to NC patients in our study, which was correlated with a high-fat diet (Parmentier-Decrucq et al, 2009), colorectal cancer (Chen et al, 2012), irritable bowel disease (IBD), and Crohn's disease (Schaubeck et al, 2016), while a high abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003 was observed in healthy aging cohorts (Singh et al, 2019). In addition, we found that the abundance of Ruminiclostridium_9 within the family Hungateiclostridiaceae was lower in SCD patients than in aMCI and NC patients regardless of smoking, which was observed in healthy men who smoke and drink alcohol or in overweight and obese adults (Renbin et al, 2020;van Trijp et al, 2020). Recently, an animal study showed that Ruminiclostridium_9 and seven other genera of butyrate-producing bacteria can improve systemic inflammation and intestinal permeability in aged mice fed a highfat diet (Zhang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…P-value < 0.05, **P-value < 0.01. progression of AD (Zhuang et al, 2018). Among these decreased butyrate-producing microbiota genera in the SCD group compared to the NC group, Fusicatenibacter in family Lachnospiraceae, which increases butyrate production in stool samples (Weis et al, 2019), maintains the integrity of the gut barrier and downgrades inflammation (Koh et al, 2016;Zheng et al, 2017), was also decreased in patients with cirrhosis, PD, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease (Takeshita et al, 2016;Jin et al, 2019;Weis et al, 2019;Qiu et al, 2020). The low abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 within the family Ruminococcaceae in SCD patients was in keeping with the findings of a report on patients with depression (Jiang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preoperative Microbiomes and Intestinal Barrier Function Can Differentiate Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease From Normal Neurocognition in Elderly Patients Scheduled to Undergo Orthopedic Surgery

Duan

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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ObjectiveEmerging evidence links perturbations in the microbiome to neurodegeneration in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and to surgical stress. In this study, we attempted to identify preoperative differences intestinal microbiota (IM) and barrier function between pAD [prodromal AD: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and aMCI] patients and normal neurocognition (NC) patients. Additionally, the potential associations between IM and barrier function, inflammation, and the clinical characteristics of pAD were evaluated.DesignEighty elderly patients scheduled to undergo orthopedic surgery were consecutively enrolled and grouped as NC, SCD, and aMCI following neuropsychological assessment. IM was determined by 16S rRNA MiSeq sequencing, and PICRUSt was used to predict functional shifts in IM. Furthermore, we investigated the association between IM and plasma claudin-1, occludin, LPS, systemic inflammatory cytokines, neuropsychological assessment, and clinical characteristics.ResultsThere was a lower Chao1 index in the SCD group (P = 0.004) and differences in beta diversity among the three groups (PCA: P = 0.026, PCoA: P= 0.004). The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was higher in the SCD group (P = 0.016, P = 0.008), and Firmicutes were more enriched in the aMCI group than in the SCD group (P= 0.026). At the family level, the total abundance of Gram-negative bacteria was higher in the SCD group than in the aMCI group (P = 0.047), and the Christensenellaceae family was detected at lower levels in the SCD and aMCI groups than in the NC group (P= 0.039). At the genus level, the eleven short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria exhibited differences among the three groups. PICRUSt analysis showed that the pathways involved in SCFA catabolism, biosynthesis, and adherent junctions were reduced in SCD patients, and lipid synthesis proteins were reduced in pAD patients. Meanwhile, elevated plasma LPS and CRP were observed in SCD patients, and higher plasma occludin in aMCI patients. The IM was correlated with plasma claudin-1, LPS, inflammatory factors, neuropsychological assessment, and clinical characteristics.ConclusionThe intestines of SCD and aMCI patients preoperatively exhibited IM dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction, and elevated plasma LPS and CRP were observed in SCD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative Microbiomes and Intestinal Barrier Function Can Differentiate Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease From Normal Neurocognition in Elderly Patients Scheduled to Undergo Orthopedic Surgery

Duan

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Indolepropionic acid is known to improve intestinal barrier function and to limit neuro-inflammation 57 . Moreover, in the paper by Lin et al Ruminococcaceae_UCG-003 abundance associated negatively with the inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein 43 . SCFAs can also contribute to the reduction of stress-induced inflammation 58 , 59 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Our results show uncorrected probiotics-induced changes in the relative abundance of several genera. These are associated with gastrointestinal health and lifestyle choices; Ruminococcaceae_UCG-003 , and uncorrected also Butyricimonas, Family_XIII_AD3011_group, f_Lachnospiraceae , were found to be less abundant in healthy men reporting to smoke and drink alcohol 43 . Genus Alistipes , Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Christensenellaceae R-7 group have been previously associated with a healthy gut microbial composition when compared with subjects with gastro-intestinal diseases 44 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics-induced changes in gut microbial composition and its effects on cognitive performance after stress: exploratory analyses

et al. 2021

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Stress negatively affects cognitive performance. Probiotics remediate somatic and behavioral stress responses, hypothetically by acting on the gut microbiota. Here, in exploratory analyses, we assessed gut microbial alterations after 28-days supplementation of multi-strain probiotics (EcologicBarrier consisting of Lactobacilli, Lactococci, and Bifidobacteria in healthy, female subjects (probiotics group n = 27, placebo group n = 29). In an identical pre-session and post-session, subjects performed a working memory task before and after an acute stress intervention. Global gut microbial beta diversity changed over time, but we were not able to detect differences between intervention groups. At the taxonomic level, Time by Intervention interactions were not significant after multiple comparison correction; the relative abundance of eight genera in the probiotics group was higher (uncorrected) relative to the placebo group: Butyricimonas, Parabacteroides, Alistipes, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Family_XIII_AD3011_group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-003, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010. In a second analysis step, association analyses were done only within this selection of microbial genera, revealing the probiotics-induced change in genus Ruminococcaceae_UCG-003 was significantly associated with probiotics’ effect on stress-induced working memory changes (rspearman(27) = 0.565; pFDR = 0.014) in the probiotics group only and independent of potential confounders (i.e., age, BMI, and baseline dietary fiber intake). That is subjects with a higher increase in Ruminococcaceae_UCG-003 abundance after probiotics were also more protected from negative effects of stress on working memory after probiotic supplementation. The bacterial taxa showing an increase in relative abundance in the probiotics group are plant fiber degrading bacteria and produce short-chain fatty acids that are known for their beneficial effect on gut and brain health, e.g., maintaining intestinal-barrier and blood–brain-barrier integrity. This study shows that gut microbial alterations, modulated through probiotics use, are related to improved cognitive performance in acute stress circumstances.

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“…In our study, the patients had a much lower median EDSS of 2.0 (1.0-3.0) at inclusion, and all patients and HCs were fasting at blood sampling, therefore the results are not entirely comparable. Additionally, data on BMI, diet, smoking status and probiotics was recorded in our study and adjusted for in the statistically analyses due to the possible interference with gut microbiota composition and the following SCFA production (31)(32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Associations With Inflammation in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Controls

et al. 2021

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease characterized by demyelination and neuroaxonal damage in the central nervous system. The etiology is complex and is still not fully understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that our gut microbiota and its metabolites influence the MS pathogenesis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate and butyrate, are metabolites produced by gut microbiota through fermentation of indigestible carbohydrates. SCFAs and kynurenine metabolites have been shown to have important immunomodulatory properties, and propionate supplementation in MS patients has been associated with long-term clinical improvement. However, the underlying mechanisms of action and its importance in MS remain incompletely understood. We analyzed serum levels of SCFAs and performed targeted metabolomics in relation to biomarkers of inflammation, and clinical and MRI measures in newly diagnosed patients with relapsing-remitting MS before their first disease modifying therapy and healthy controls (HCs). We demonstrated that serum acetate levels were nominally reduced in MS patients compared with HCs. The ratios of acetate/butyrate and acetate/(propionate + butyrate) were significantly lower in MS patients in a multivariate analysis (orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis; OPLS-DA). The mentioned ratios and acetate levels correlated negatively with the pro-inflammatory biomarker IFNG, indicating an inverse relation between acetate and inflammation. In contrast, the proportion of butyrate was found higher in MS patients in the multivariate analysis, and both butyrate and valerate correlated positively with proinflammatory cytokines (IFNG and TNF), suggesting complex bidirectional regulatory properties of SCFAs. Branched SCFAs were inversely correlated with clinical disability, at a nominal significance level. Otherwise SCFAs did not correlate with clinical variables or MRI measures. There were signs of an alteration of the kynurenine pathway in MS, and butyrate was positively correlated with the immunomodulatory metabolite 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid. Other variables that influenced the separation between MS and HCs were NfL, ARG1 and IL1R1, D-ribose 5-phosphate, pantothenic acid and D-glucuronic acid. In conclusion, we provide novel results in this rapidly evolving field, emphasizing the complexity of the interactions between SCFAs and inflammation; therefore, further studies are required to clarify these issues before supplementation of SCFAs can be widely recommended.

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The effects of cigarettes and alcohol on intestinal microbiota in healthy men

Cited by 31 publications

References 54 publications

Preoperative Microbiomes and Intestinal Barrier Function Can Differentiate Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease From Normal Neurocognition in Elderly Patients Scheduled to Undergo Orthopedic Surgery

Preoperative Microbiomes and Intestinal Barrier Function Can Differentiate Prodromal Alzheimer’s Disease From Normal Neurocognition in Elderly Patients Scheduled to Undergo Orthopedic Surgery

Probiotics-induced changes in gut microbial composition and its effects on cognitive performance after stress: exploratory analyses

Serum Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Associations With Inflammation in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy Controls

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