The effects of chronic cadmium stress on energy acquisition and allocation in a freshwater benthic invertebrate predator

Wicklum, Dan; Davies, Ronald W.

doi:10.1016/0166-445x(96)00795-3

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Sublethal effects may decrease standing stock, for instance by decreasing growth rates or stimulating drift (Crowther & Hynes, 1977; Lugthart & Wallace, 1992; Courtney & Clements, 1998). Sublethal effects also reduce production by diverting energy from feeding and growth into tolerance mechanisms, including increases in metabolic costs associated with respiration and the manufacture of metallothionein proteins, with the result that less energy is devoted to tissue production (Wicklum & Davies, 1996). A decrease in P/B for a given population suggests a sublethal effect on individuals, because energy that would otherwise be used for growth is diverted into tolerance responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of macroinvertebrate production to a pollution gradient in a headwater stream

Woodcock

Huryn

2006

Freshwater Biology

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1. This study quantified patterns of macroinvertebrate secondary production and stored benthic organic matter along a gradient of pollution and habitat channelisation over a 3-km reach of Goosefare Brook, a first-order stream in southern Maine (U.S.A.). 2. Whole-community invertebrate production decreased from 26.4 g ash-free dry mass (AFDM) m )2 year )1 at the reference station to 1.1 g AFDM m )2 year )1 at stations with the greatest levels of pollution. Production decreased along the pollution gradient for most taxa, although decreases were partly offset by production increases in tolerant taxa. Biomass turnover rates (P/B) were less affected by the stresses than was production. 3. Differences in functional characteristics of the community were evident at stations with channelised habitat, but overall production declined in a linear pattern that mirrored the pollution gradient. Stored organic matter showed a decline along the gradient, but was also lower at channelised stations. Populations of taxa with documented pollution tolerance were more likely to maintain or increase production and P/B. 4. Decreasing biomass because of decreasing stored organic matter and lethal effects of pollutants resulted in shifts in the pathways of energy flow observed at stations exposed to moderate physical or chemical stress, to the loss of most taxa and an extreme (96%) decrease in production at the stations receiving the highest levels of metal pollution. 5. The shifting prominence of different taxa along a continuum of stress in Goosefare Brook shows that describing the nature of an impairment in a functional context requires consideration of chemical stressors, habitat alterations and food resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of macroinvertebrate production to a pollution gradient in a headwater stream

Woodcock

Huryn

2006

Freshwater Biology

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“…To convert clearance rates to the actual amount of energy consumed, two assumptions were made: Mussel ingestion rates were 33% of clearance rates, and mussel assimilation efficiency was 40% [21,31]. It has been shown that of the factors determining energy acquisition, feeding rate is more stress dependent than ingestion rates or assimilation efficiency [32,33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplanted zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) as active biomonitors in an effluent‐dominated river

Smolders

Bervoets

Blust

2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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For over 20 years, mussels have been recommended as one of the most suitable biomonitoring organisms for aquatic ecosystems. Though the common mussel (Mytilus edulis) is frequently used for biomonitoring estuarine and marine ecosystems, no freshwater species is promoted for similar monitoring networks. Recently, however, the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) has been proposed as a suitable monitoring organism in freshwater ecosystems. The aim of this study was to explore the usefulness of transplanted zebra mussels as active biomonitors in an effluent-dominated stream. Results showed that for these purposes, an exposure period of at least a few weeks is required to detect any significant changes in condition status or scope for growth. Wet-tissue-weight:dry-tissue-weight ratio was the most sensitive measure to quantify effects of field exposure on physiological fitness. In case of scope for growth (SfG), energy intake was the factor determining the overall energy budget of the mussels. Based on the dilution rates of the two different effluents present, effluent 2 had the most important effect on the condition status of the exposed organisms. Overall, we conclude that the use of transplanted mussels is a sensitive and easily applicable active biomonitor that can be used to assess water quality, pollution, and subsequent recovery through self-purification in field situations.

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“…The hyperactivity of mucous glands in higher animals such as fish is a well-known response to stress (Wicklum and Davies, 1996;Sobral and Widdows, 2000). The mucus may also act as a buffer to counter the potentially negative effects of the host's defensive mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron and light microscopic study of various glands and the secretions released into the environment by the turbellarian Urastoma cyprinae

Bataller

Boghen

Burt

2003

Journal of Morphology

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The turbellarian Urastoma cyprinae (Graff) occurs on the gills of various bivalve species including the mussel Mytilus galloprovinciallis, where it is known to cause serious damage. More recently, it has been shown that the worms are strongly attracted to the gill of the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica) and are capable of inducing changes to the composition of proteolytic enzymes of the host mucus. Such changes may be attributable to secretory products released by the worms. Mucous glands (11-18 mum in diameter) produce minute spherules (0.7-0.9 mum in diameter) tightly bound together. The glands occupy approximately 20% of the body volume and are the most voluminous secretory organs in the worm. The smaller rhabdoid glands are unevenly distributed throughout the peripheral parenchyma and contain secretory granules of 0.35-1.2 mum in diameter. The latter occur most prominently along the distal margins of the epidermis. The frontal pole of U. cyprinae consists of a complex assembly of mucous and rhabdoid gland cells as well as other glandular structures. Collectively, these bodies release their contents to the outside via narrow gland necks. The overall organization is consistent with the frontal gland previously described for other free-living turbellarians, including other rhabdocoels. A variety of secretory products, displaying variations in staining properties, have likewise been identified in association with the body wall from other regions of the worm. This work attempts to gain a better appreciation of the secretory structures associated with the worm tegument, focusing primarily on the widespread mucous and rhabdoid glands. The secretions play a role in host-parasite interactions.

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The effects of chronic cadmium stress on energy acquisition and allocation in a freshwater benthic invertebrate predator

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

The response of macroinvertebrate production to a pollution gradient in a headwater stream

The response of macroinvertebrate production to a pollution gradient in a headwater stream

Transplanted zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) as active biomonitors in an effluent‐dominated river

Electron and light microscopic study of various glands and the secretions released into the environment by the turbellarian Urastoma cyprinae

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