The Effects of Choline and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Rashvand, Samaneh; Mobasseri, Majid; Tarighat‐Esfanjani, Ali

doi:10.1080/07315724.2019.1599745

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, Mg supplements did not improve endothelial function and cardiovascular risk markers in overweight and obese middleaged and elderly adults (Joris et al, 2017). Supplementation of choline plus Mg oxide was more effective in improving inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients than supplementation with choline or Mg alone (Rashvand et al, 2019). Also, with respect to inflammation, in a large cohort of postmenopausal women, dietary Mg intake was inversely associated with the values of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), TNF-α, VCAM-1, and E-selectin (Chacko et al, 2010).…”

Section: The Effects Of Mg Supplementation Current Evidencementioning

confidence: 85%

The Role of Disturbed Mg Homeostasis in Chronic Kidney Disease Comorbidities

Rodelo-Haad

Mier

Díaz-Tocados

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Some of the critical mechanisms that mediate chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression are associated with vascular calcifications, disbalance of mineral metabolism, increased oxidative and metabolic stress, inflammation, coagulation abnormalities, endothelial dysfunction, or accumulation of uremic toxins. Also, it is widely accepted that pathologies with a strong influence in CKD progression are diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). A disbalance in magnesium (Mg) homeostasis, more specifically hypomagnesemia, is associated with the development and progression of the comorbidities mentioned above, and some mechanisms might explain why low serum Mg is associated with negative clinical outcomes such as major adverse cardiovascular and renal events. Furthermore, it is likely that hypomagnesemia causes the release of inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein and promotes insulin resistance. Animal models have shown that Mg supplementation reverses vascular calcifications; thus, clinicians have focused on the potential benefits that Mg supplementation may have in humans. Recent evidence suggests that Mg reduces coronary artery calcifications and facilitates peripheral vasodilation. Mg may reduce vascular calcification by direct inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, Mg deficiency worsens kidney injury induced by an increased tubular load of phosphate. One important consequence of excessive tubular load of phosphate is the reduction of renal tubule expression of α-Klotho in moderate CKD. Low Mg levels worsen the reduction of Klotho induced by the tubular load of phosphate. Evidence to support clinical translation is yet insufficient, and more clinical studies are required to claim enough evidence for decision-making in daily practice. Meanwhile, it seems reasonable to prevent and treat Mg deficiency. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of Mg homeostasis, the potential mechanisms that may mediate the effect of Mg deficiency on CKD progression, CVD, and mortality.

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Section: The Effects Of Mg Supplementation Current Evidencementioning

confidence: 85%

The Role of Disturbed Mg Homeostasis in Chronic Kidney Disease Comorbidities

Rodelo-Haad

Mier

Díaz-Tocados

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…These published findings aligned with the causal models developed in the present investigation in which physical activity was associated with higher Mg intake, lower BMI and decreased HbA1c. Mg intake was also associated with lower levels of inflammation markers in diabetics 32 , and with reduced comorbidities in diabetics such as myocardial infarction 33 . Ultimately, one benefit on increased Mg intake was decreased insulin resistance/ increased sensitivity 34 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium dietary intake and physical activity in Type 2 diabetes by gender in White, African‐American and Mexican American: NHANES 2011‐2014

Datta

Little

et al. 2020

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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Aims To analyse the causal relationships of nutrition intake and physical activity on haemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stratified by gender and ethnicity. Materials and Methods An historical cohort of patients with diagnosed T2DM (n = 2831) was extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011‐2014 public database, including but not limited to, measurements of physical activity, nutrition, body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c. Multivariate analyses and path analyses were employed to estimate the regression coefficients and path coefficients (ρ) of causal path models of physical activity and nutrition intake on HbA1c stratified by gender and three ethnicity groups (ie non‐Hispanic white, non‐Hispanic black and Mexican American). Results A significant causal path from increased physical activity to increased magnesium (Mg) intake to decreased HbA1c was found. In addition, increased physical activity significantly decreased BMI, which further decreased HbA1c. These results varied by gender and ethnicity but were directionally consistent. Physical activity decreased HbA1c through BMI for males and through Mg intake for females. Mexican American decreased HbA1c through Mg intake, while non‐Hispanic black had an increased HbA1c due to its ethnicity and through increased BMI. Conclusions The beneficial effects of physical activity on decreased HbA1c were mediated through the increased Mg intake and decreased BMI. This aligned with recent investigations of the inverse causal association of Mg intake with insulin resistance and with decreased inflammation.

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“…All studies had parallel design. Out of twenty-eight included studies, four studies performed in Europe (34,39,41,43) , ten in America (26,28,(30)(31)(32)35,37,38,44,45) and fourteen studies in Asia (21)(22)(23)(24)27,29,33,36,40,42,46,47,52) . The intervention period ranged between 4 and 48 weeks.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of included studies were conducted on both sexes except six studies that were conducted in women (35,36,41,45,47,52) and one study on men (39) . Included studies were carried out in cases with hypertension (28,41) , diabetes and prediabetes (21,(23)(24)(25)27,30,32,37,38,(42)(43)(44) , obesity (22,33,34,52) , the metabolic syndrome (26,45,47), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (46) , insulin resistance (34,37 ), depression (29) and healthy volunteers (36,40) . Detailed characteristics of included trial were presented in Table 1.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Totally, sixteen eligible studies (21,(23)(24)(25)27,30,33,36,(38)(39)(40)(41)(45)(46)(47)52) with eighteen treatment arms, including a total of 1079 participants, examined the effect of Mg supplementation on BW. Combining their findings based on random-effects model, data Subgroup analysis based on the median dose of intervention (>360 and ≤360 mg/d), duration of supplementation (>12 and ≤12 weeks), mean BMI of subjects (BMI > 28 and ≤28 kg/m 2 ), mean age of participants (age of >50 and ≤50 years) and sex (men, women and both) effect remained non-significant in all of subgroup analysis as outlined in Table 3.…”

Section: Effect Of Magnesium Supplementation On Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of clinical trials

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study is to determine the determine effects of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices Consist of body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%). In this systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from databases inception up February 2020 for relevant randomized controlled trials. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool. All of outcome in this meta-analysis were pooled using Random Effect Model. Analysis of dose–response for magnesium dosage was carried out using a fractional polynomial model. The systematic review and metal analysis include Twenty-eight RCTs, comprising 2013 participants. There were no significant changes in anthropometric indices after magnesium supplementation in the overall analysis. However, subgroup analysis revealed that magnesium supplementation decreases WC in subjects with BMI> 30 (obese) [12 trials, n = 997 participants; weighted mean difference (WMD) = −2.09 cm, 95% CI: −4.12 to −0.07, p =0.040; I2 = 0%]. Dose–response analysis revealed a non-significant nonlinear effect of supplementation dosage on anthropometric indices. The results suggest that magnesium supplementation is associated with lower WC only in obese subjects. However, more high-quality studies are needed to clarify the nature of this association.

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The Effects of Choline and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Cited by 24 publications

References 39 publications

The Role of Disturbed Mg Homeostasis in Chronic Kidney Disease Comorbidities

The Role of Disturbed Mg Homeostasis in Chronic Kidney Disease Comorbidities

Magnesium dietary intake and physical activity in Type 2 diabetes by gender in White, African‐American and Mexican American: NHANES 2011‐2014

The effect of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of clinical trials

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