The effects of cell phone use on peripheral vision

Maples, Willis C.; DeRosier, Wes; Hoenes, Richard; Bendure, Rodney; Moore, Sherl

doi:10.1016/j.optm.2007.04.102

Cited by 48 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Indeed the narrowing of attentional focus is consistent with that seen in other experimental and natural driving and aviation studies 16–19,35–38 where additional cognitive load was imposed on the driver via non-visual or non-manual secondary tasks. This focus narrowing is also observed in drivers who are involved in cellphone conversations 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Peer Passenger Influences on Male Adolescent Drivers' Visual Scanning Behavior During Simulated Driving

Pradhan

Bingham

et al. 2014

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Purpose There is a higher likelihood of crashes and fatalities when an adolescent drives with peer passengers, especially for male drivers and male passengers. Simulated driving of male adolescent drivers with male peer passengers was studied to examine passenger influences on distraction and inattention. Methods Male adolescents drove in a high-fidelity driving simulator with a male confederate who posed either as a risk-accepting or risk-averse passenger. Drivers’ eye-movements were recorded. The visual scanning behavior of the drivers was compared when driving alone versus when driving with a passenger, and when driving with a risk-accepting versus a risk-averse passenger. Results The visual scanning of a driver significantly narrowed horizontally and vertically when driving with a peer passenger. There were no significant differences in the times the drivers’ eyes were off the forward roadway when driving with a passenger versus when driving alone. Some significant correlations were found between personality characteristics and the outcome measures. Conclusions The presence of a male peer passenger was associated with a reduction in the visual scanning range of male adolescent drivers. This reduction could be a result of potential cognitive load imposed on the driver due to the presence of a passenger and the real or perceived normative influences or expectations from the passenger. Implications and contribution The presence of male peer passengers was associated with deficient visual scanning in male adolescent drivers. Such reduced scanning behavior is evident in drivers with high cognitive load. Further investigation of passenger influences on adolescent drivers should include examination of distraction and inattention aspects of passenger influence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Peer Passenger Influences on Male Adolescent Drivers' Visual Scanning Behavior During Simulated Driving

Pradhan

Bingham

et al. 2014

Journal of Adolescent Health

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“…Eye-tracking studies have shown that hands-free conversations using cell phones impair attention to visual inputs (Strayer et al, 2003). These distracted drivers experience “inattention blindness”: their field of view narrows (Maples et al, 2008), and they tend to “look at” but not “see” the information in their driving environment (Strayer, 2007), and miss visual cues important for safe driving (Jacobson and Gostin, 2010). As a result, epidemiological findings of real-world collisions show that drivers using hands-free phones are just as likely to experience vehicle crashes as those using hand-held devices (Redelmeier and Tibshirani, 1997; McEvoy et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain activity during driving with distraction: an immersive fMRI study

Schweizer¹,

Kan²,

Hung³

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

121

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Introduction: Non-invasive measurements of brain activity have an important role to play in understanding driving ability. The current study aimed to identify the neural underpinnings of human driving behavior by visualizing the areas of the brain involved in driving under different levels of demand, such as driving while distracted or making left turns at busy intersections.Materials and Methods: To capture brain activity during driving, we placed a driving simulator with a fully functional steering wheel and pedals in a 3.0 Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) system. To identify the brain areas involved while performing different real-world driving maneuvers, participants completed tasks ranging from simple (right turns) to more complex (left turns at busy intersections). To assess the effects of driving while distracted, participants were asked to perform an auditory task while driving analogous to speaking on a hands-free device and driving.Results: A widely distributed brain network was identified, especially when making left turns at busy intersections compared to more simple driving tasks. During distracted driving, brain activation shifted dramatically from the posterior, visual and spatial areas to the prefrontal cortex.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the distracted brain sacrificed areas in the posterior brain important for visual attention and alertness to recruit enough brain resources to perform a secondary, cognitive task. The present findings offer important new insights into the scientific understanding of the neuro-cognitive mechanisms of driving behavior and lay down an important foundation for future clinical research.

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“…They also found that gait velocity decreases [7,14], limited the number of words used [15], and awareness of the environment tends to decrease [11,[14][15][16], when people speak on the phone or send text messages while walking. In addition, it was reported that range of vision is drastically reduced for cognitive tasks undertaken during a cell phone conversation [17]. In case there is a big difference in the level of attention and cognitive steps, changes in gait appear [2,7], and these actions could be very risky.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in gait pattern during multitask using smartphones

Jeon

Kim

Song

et al. 2016

WOR

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Abstract. BACKGROUND:With the development of science and technology, smartphones have been deeply involved in people's everyday lives, and many perform various tasks simultaneously on smartphones. OBJECTIVE: To investigate gait pattern changes on performing multitask simultaneously when using smartphones. METHODS: Three tasks were performed by 26 healthy adults. In the first, participants were directed to walk without using smartphones (single-task). In the second, they were required to walk while finding applications (dual-task). Lastly, in addition to performing the second task, they were asked to listen to questions and answer them on their smartphone (triple-task). Spatiotemporal variables of gait and degree of lateral deviation during walking were measured. RESULTS:The results showed that there was a significant difference between the single-task and dual tasks, as well as between the single task and triple task in all variables (p < 0.05). In particular, gait velocity decreased by 33.49% in the dual task and 41.69% in the triple task compared to the single-task, the degree of deviation increased by 119.18% in the dual task and 122.67% in the triple task in comparison to the single-task. CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that changes in gait, appear when walk while using smartphones in comparison to walking without using smartphones.

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The effects of cell phone use on peripheral vision

Cited by 48 publications

References 20 publications

Peer Passenger Influences on Male Adolescent Drivers' Visual Scanning Behavior During Simulated Driving

Peer Passenger Influences on Male Adolescent Drivers' Visual Scanning Behavior During Simulated Driving

Brain activity during driving with distraction: an immersive fMRI study

Changes in gait pattern during multitask using smartphones

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