1974
DOI: 10.5254/1.3540461
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The Effects of Carbon Black on Rubber Hysteresis

Abstract: The viscous modulus of oil-extended SBR loaded with carbon black relative to the gum stock increases with volume fraction of carbon black. This increase is much larger than predicted by the Guth-Gold equation and also greater than the increase in the elastic modulus. This behavior reflects the sum of at least three effects: geometrical (strain amplification), changes in the viscoelastic properties of the rubber, and formation of a three-dimensional network of carbon black and rubber. The geometrical effect inc… Show more

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Cited by 27 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…The unfilled and low filler loaded samples show deviation from the circular arc relationship. At high filler loading, the network entanglement contribution to the various hysteretic parameters becomes significantly high, 35 and thus a circular relationship is followed. With increase in filler loading, the area under the circular arc increases.…”
Section: Effect Of Temperature On Storage and Loss Modulusmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The unfilled and low filler loaded samples show deviation from the circular arc relationship. At high filler loading, the network entanglement contribution to the various hysteretic parameters becomes significantly high, 35 and thus a circular relationship is followed. With increase in filler loading, the area under the circular arc increases.…”
Section: Effect Of Temperature On Storage and Loss Modulusmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Examining the behavior at small strains, where you might expect the loss factor to be the same for both the filled and the unfilled elastomers, as both the storage and loss modulus should both be altered to the same extent by the presence of a filler, it is shown clearly that the loss factor is greater for the filled rubbers. This might be a result of the unpeeling of rubber from the carbon black or as a result of energy dissipation during frictional sliding of the rubber over carbon black surface under deformation 11, 28, 29. This may have the effect of relieving the stresses more in a filled material than is possible in the unfilled compound.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The effects of carbon black on the dynamic behavior of rubber have been discussed by several researchers 4–15. Rubber compounds that contain carbon black exhibit a higher modulus than unfilled rubber, in part because the carbon black is much stiffer than the rubber.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This reasonable assumption requires that the extension ratio X in eq. (4) appropriate to the rubber matrix should be calculated from the measured overall strain by putting…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%