The effects of canola and olive oils on lipid profile and fatty liver compared to sunflower oil in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

BackgroundPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies and metabolic disorders in women during their reproductive years and is often associated with dyslipidaemia and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary intervention with canola and olive oils in comparison with sunflower oil on lipid profile and fatty liver severity among women with PCOS.MethodThis study was a 10 weeks intervention including 72 women with PCOS. Patients were randomly assigned to three groups to receive 25 g/day canola, olive, or sunflower oils for 10 weeks. The primary outcome was any changes in the lipid profile and the secondary outcome was a change in fatty liver severity.ResultAt the end of the study, 72 patients with a mean age of 29.31 were analyzed. Canola oil consumption led to a significant reduction in serum levels of triglycerides and TC/HDL (p = 0.021), LDL/HDL (p = 0.047), and TG/HDL (p = 0.001) ratios, but there was no significant reduction in lipid profile following olive oil consumption. Moreover, both the canola (p < 0.001) and olive oils (p = 0.005) could significantly reduce the fatty liver grade.ConclusionOverall, compared to the olive and sunflower oils, significant improvements in lipid profile and liver function were observed following consumption of canola oil in women with PCOS.Trial registrationIR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1397.315. Registered 30 JUNE 2019 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.irct.ir/trial/38684