The effects of cannabis use on oral health

Abstract

Cannabis, also known as marijuana, is one of the most commonly used substances for medical and recreational purposes globally. With the trend of global legalization of medical use of cannabis and even the recreational use, the prevalence of recreational use of cannabis has increased markedly over the past few years. Correspondingly, the potential health concerns related to cannabis consumption have also increased. Therefore, it is necessary for oral healthcare providers to understand the effects of cannabis use on oral health. This review briefly summarizes the components of cannabis, biologic activities on tissues, and mechanisms of action in human cells and tissues. Oral tissue expression of cannabinoid receptors and the potential association of cannabis to oral diseases are also examined. The goals of this review are to (1) elaborate the basic biology and physiology of cannabis in human oral tissues, and (2) provide a better understanding the effects of its use and abuse on oral health. Due to insufficient information, more well‐designed studies should be conducted. It is urgent to include cannabis usage into dental patient health records.

ASRA Pain Medicine consensus guidelines on the management of the perioperative patient on cannabis and cannabinoids

“…Given the risk of prolonged cardiovascular effects, conservative recommendations suggest avoiding cannabinoids for 72 hours prior to surgery 93 94. While cannabinoid use does not appear to be a risk factor for coronary artery disease95–99 it may trigger acute coronary syndromes in those with underlying atherosclerotic heart disease 90 100–102…”

“…Cannabis consumption has been associated with poor oral hygiene, caries, and periodontal disease, which may have implications for airway management 101 102. Cannabis consumption is also linked to delayed gastric emptying, delayed intestinal motility, cyclical vomiting, cannabis hyperemesis syndrome and in surgical patients may also increase the risk of PONV 78 245 246.…”

Aspectos Odontológicos, Terapêuticos E Sociais Da Utilização Do Canabidiol No Tratamento De Paciente Com Transtornos Do Espectro Autista

“…O canabinol (CBN), é um composto degradado do THC, que apresenta poder psicoativo leve, com afinidade por receptores do sistema endocanabinóide (Liu et al, 2019).…”

Ulceration and a White Lesion of the Tongue in a Male HIV Positive Patient: A Journey on the Avenue of Differential Diagnoses in Search of a Solution

“…The patient has a favorable attitude towards cannabinoids because it induces a relaxation state, relieves pain and stimulates the appetite; however, it also has negative effects-neuropsychic ones and ones in the oral cavity. The "dry mouth" sensation, the increased risk of dental caries and periodontal diseases and the inflammation associated with oral mucositis may be the consequence of the binding of cannabidiol metabolites to the receptors of the oral mucosa, the decrease of nitric oxide and the change in the oral microbiome [40,41].…”