The Effects of Canavanine on the Growth of Isolated Roots of Four Plant Species

Weaks, T. E.; Hunt, Gordon E.

doi:10.1086/336728

Cited by 6 publications

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“…Moreover, the first report of canavanine effect in plants indicated that it inhibited IAA-dependent elongation of Avena coleoptiles, and a specific role for arginine was suggested (9). Recent reports (I1, 34) clearly show that canavanine inhibits growth of several other plant tissues. It is noteworthy that arginine has been previously found to be active as an auxin-cofactor in root initiation on Hibiscus cuttings (32), (Table II), as well as the dependence of the effectivity of canavanine on its timing with IBA treatment (Table III), point to some, yet unclear, interrelationships of auxininduced root formation, PA content, and inhibitors of PA biosynthesis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, MGBG can block spermidine and spermine biosynthesis by inhibiting S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (24). L-Canavanine has been shown previously to inhibit IAA-dependent elongation of Avena coleoptiles (9), and growth of Phaseolus roots (34) and soybean cell suspensions (11). The present paper is the first in a series of studies on polyamines and root formation.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Polyamines and Root Formation in Mung Bean Hypocotyl Cuttings

Friedman¹,

Altman²,

Bachrach³

1982

Plant Physiol.

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The effect of several polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine), their precursors (L-arginine and L-omithine), and some analogs and metabolic inhibitors (L-canavanine, L-canaline, and methylglyoxal-bis IguanyIhydrazonel) on root formation have been studied in mung bean (Vigna radiata IL.1 Wilczek) hypocotyl cuttings.Exogenously applied polyamines did not promote adventitious root formation. Rooting was inhibited by L-canavanine and L-canaline, and this inhibition was reversed by the corresponding amino acids L-arginine and Lornithine. Methylglyoxal-bis (guanylhydrazone), an inhibitor of S-adenosylmethioine decarboxylase and polyamine biosynthesis, was also found to inhibit root forMatn All cMpoUnds at concentratios of >10-4 molarity completely inhibited natural root formation, whereas at <10-5 mohrity only the indole-butyric acid-induced root formation was inhibited.Indole-butyric acid-induced root formation was accompanied by a considerable increase in polyamine levels, more than 2-fold of the control.Whereas senescing (unrooted) cuttings evinced a rapid decfine in polyamine content during 48 hours, indole-butyric acid treatment resulted in elevated levels of putrescine and increased putrescine to spermidine ratio. The changes in polyamines were dependent on indole-butyric acid concentration and were organ specific. a significant role in plant growth and senescence (4), similar to their activity in mammalian tissues and procaryotes (7,10,31). It has been shown that active growth of germinating seeds, of habituated and crown gall tissues, of pollen tubes, of potato buds and tomato fruits (6,14,18,29,33), as well as embryo and organ differentiation (4,21,22), are correlated with significant changes in PA content and metabolism. In addition, PA have been shown to respond to environmental and hormonal stimuli (12, 18), and to play an important role in protoplast, tissue, and organ senescence (2,3,17).It, therefore, seems that cuttings may serve as an important experimental system to elucidate the involvement of PA in their senescence or in auxin-induced root formation. In addition to the effect of exogenous PA, endogenous changes in PA, and possible inhibitors of PA biosynthesis were also investigated. Both L-canavanine and L-canaline, the structural analogs of L-arginine and L-ornithine, respectively (25, 26), may affect putrescine formation from these two amino acids. Similarly, MGBG can block spermidine and spermine biosynthesis by inhibiting S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (24). L-Canavanine has been shown previously to inhibit IAA-dependent elongation of Avena coleoptiles (9), and growth of Phaseolus roots (34) and soybean cell suspensions (11). The present paper is the first in a series of studies on polyamines and root formation.Cuttings excised from plants either senesce

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Polyamines and Root Formation in Mung Bean Hypocotyl Cuttings

Friedman¹,

Altman²,

Bachrach³

1982

Plant Physiol.

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“…Canavanine is a non-protein, amino acid analogue of arginine found in many legumes that inhibits the growth of isolated roots of soybean, bean and corn (Weaks and Hunt, 1974). Canavanine inhibits the incorporation of arginine into putrescine in tuber slices of Helianthus tuberosus (L.) (Bagni et al, 1981) and inhibits arginine decarboxylase (ADC) (Mengoli et al, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Weaks and Hunt, 1974), where the effects of canavanine may be more complex than a simple competition with arginine and ADC. In leafy spurge hypocotyl segments, arginine only partially overcame the canavanine inhibition of root formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamines, auxins and organogenesis in leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.)

Davis¹

1997

Journal of Plant Physiology

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Summary:Canaline and canavanine (inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis) effects on root and shoot formation were determined in vitro for etiolated hypocotyl segments of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.). Canaline (an ornithine analogue) at 10 to 100 µmol/L inhibited root and shoot formation. The simultaneous application of putrescine did not reverse canaline-induced inhibition of root formation. Ornithine, a precursor of putrescine via the ornithine decarboxylase pathway, unexpectedly inhibited root formation. Canavanine (an arginine analogue) at 30 to 100 µmol/L inhibited root and/or shoot formation. Inhibition of root formation by canavanine was not reversed by agmatine or putrescine, but was partially reversed by arginine. Indoleacetic acid (IAA) inhibited shoot formation, stimulated root formation, and partially reversed the inhibition of root formation by either canaline or canavanine. IAA generally increased endogenous levels of free polyamines in controls and canaline-or canavanine-treated tissues, but these changes were small and probably had little effect on organogenesis. IAA also partially reversed the inhibition of root (but not shoot) formation by arcaine and pentamidine, inhibitors of polyamine action in mammals. The roles of the polyamines in plants is not clear, but the polyamines may play only minor roles in root and shoot formation.

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Differences between strains of rhizobium in sensitivity to canavanine

Weaks

1977

Plant Soil

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The Effects of Canavanine on the Growth of Isolated Roots of Four Plant Species

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Polyamines and Root Formation in Mung Bean Hypocotyl Cuttings

Polyamines and Root Formation in Mung Bean Hypocotyl Cuttings

Polyamines, auxins and organogenesis in leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.)

Differences between strains of rhizobium in sensitivity to canavanine

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