The effects of brief variable foreperiods on simple reaction time

Polzella, Donald J.; Ramsey, Eric G.; Bower, Samuel M.

doi:10.3758/bf03334658

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Most importantly, as shown in Figs. 6A and 7A, decision times (DTs) decreased with increasing hold period, which is believed to denote motor readiness to respond due to the increasing chance that the stimulus will occur as the delay elapses (Brown and Robbins, 1991;Poizella et al, 1989). Similarly, movement times (MTs) were short and did not vary with hold period, indicating that mainly motor execution was measured (Miller and Low, 2001;Simmons et al, 2002).…”

Section: Reaction Timementioning

confidence: 96%

Prenatal exposure to vapors of gasoline–ethanol blends causes few cognitive deficits in adult rats

Oshiro

Beasley

McDaniel

et al. 2015

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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Section: Reaction Timementioning

confidence: 96%

Prenatal exposure to vapors of gasoline–ethanol blends causes few cognitive deficits in adult rats

Oshiro

Beasley

McDaniel

et al. 2015

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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“…RT is usually longer with the shortest PI value and tends to decrease for longer ones (Näätänen & Merisalo, 1977;Polzella, Ramsey, & Bower, 1989;Requin & Granjon, 1969;Requin, Granjon, Durup, & Reynard, 1973;Stilitz, 1972). This has been suggested to reflect signal expectancy (Stilitz).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

The Effect of Training on Preparatory Attention in Older Adults: Evidence for the Role of Uncertainty in Age-Related Preparatory Deficits

Bherer¹,

Belleville²

2004

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition

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“…In short, in tasks in which a warning stimulus (S1) precedes the imperative stimulus (S2) that the participant must respond to (as in the Hick paradigm, employed in current study; Hick, ), the temporal relationship between the S1 and S2 permits the subconscious anticipation of when the S2 will occur (Nobre, Correa, & Coull, ; Trillenberg, Verleger, Wascher, Wauschkuhn, & Wessel, ). In turn, when the various possible interstimulus intervals (ISI) are all equally probable, RT is shorter for the more easily anticipated long ISIs (van Ede, de Lange, Jensen, & Maris, ; Karlin, ; Polzella, Ramsey, & Bower, ). Thus, insofar as foreperiod effects indicate a clear influence of anticipatory mechanisms on RT, it stands to reason that RT‐ability correlations might reflect not only variation in the speed of poststimulus processing or resilience to attentional lapses but also sensitivity to prestimulus contingencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural anticipatory mechanisms predict faster reaction times and higher fluid intelligence

McKinney

Euler

2019

Psychophysiology

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Higher cognitive ability is reliably linked to better performance on chronometric tasks (i.e., faster reaction times, RT), yet the neural basis of these effects remains unclear. Anticipatory processes represent compelling yet understudied potential mechanisms of these effects, which may facilitate performance through reducing the uncertainty surrounding the temporal onset of stimuli (temporal uncertainty) and/or facilitating motor readiness despite uncertainty about impending target locations (target uncertainty). Specifically, the contingent negative variation (CNV) represents a compelling candidate mechanism of anticipatory motor planning, while the alpha oscillation is thought to be sensitive to temporal contingencies in perceptual systems. The current study undertook a secondary analysis of a large data set (n = 91) containing choice RT, cognitive ability, and EEG measurements to help clarify these issues. Single‐trial EEG analysis in conjunction with mixed‐effects modeling revealed that higher fluid intelligence corresponded to faster RT on average. When considered together, temporal and target uncertainty moderated the RT‐ability relationship, with higher ability being associated with greater resilience to both types of uncertainty. Target uncertainty attenuated the amplitude of the CNV for all participants, but higher ability individuals were more resilient to this effect. Similarly, only higher ability individuals showed increased prestimulus alpha power (at left‐lateralized sites) during longer, more easily anticipated interstimulus intervals. Collectively, these findings emphasize top‐down anticipatory processes as likely contributors to chronometry‐ability correlations.

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The effects of brief variable foreperiods on simple reaction time

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Prenatal exposure to vapors of gasoline–ethanol blends causes few cognitive deficits in adult rats

Prenatal exposure to vapors of gasoline–ethanol blends causes few cognitive deficits in adult rats

The Effect of Training on Preparatory Attention in Older Adults: Evidence for the Role of Uncertainty in Age-Related Preparatory Deficits

Neural anticipatory mechanisms predict faster reaction times and higher fluid intelligence

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