The effects of audiovisual distraction on the muscle sympathetic responses to experimental muscle pain

Abstract

Pain elicited by intramuscular infusion of hypertonic saline solution causes muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) to increase in some subjects, yet decrease in others. Although the direction of the response is not predictable based on baseline physiological and psychological parameters, we know that it results from sustained functional changes in specific brain regions that are responsible for the behavioral and cardiovascular responses to psychological stressors, as well as those involved in attention. The aim of this study was to investigate whether MSNA responses to experimental muscle pain in humans could be altered with an audiovisual stimulus that served to distract them from the pain. MSNA was recorded from the left common peroneal nerve of 20 young healthy individuals during a 45-min intramuscular infusion of hypertonic saline solution into the ipsilateral tibialis anterior muscle. The distracting stimulus commenced 15 min after the start of the infusion and lasted for 15 min. Fifteen subjects showed an increase in mean burst amplitude of MSNA (to 176.4 ± 7.9% of baseline), while five showed a decrease (to 73.1 ± 5.2% of baseline); distraction had no effect on these profiles. These results indicate that even though the subjects were attending to the audiovisual stimulus, and were presumably distracted from the pain, it failed to alter the MSNA responses to muscle pain.