The effects of artichoke aqueous extract on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and blood metabolites in broiler chickens

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to study the efficacy of artichoke aqueous extract (AAE) on the performance, carcass characteristics, clinical blood chemistry values, and the gut morphology of female broiler chickens poisoned with carbon tetra chloride (CCl 4 ). Broiler chicks were categorized into four experimental groups each of which contained 10 chicks; control group, artichoke group (0.5g/kg/bwt of artichoke aqueous extract), CCl 4 group (1ml/kg/bwt of CCl 4 ), and artichoke+ CCl 4 group (0.5g/kg/bwt of artichoke extract plus 1ml/kg/bwt of CCl 4 ). Blood samples were analyzed for the clinical blood chemistry values, cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin, total protein, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), and alkaline phosphates (ALP). Intestinal samples were processed for histological assessment. Results showed that chicks fed with artichoke supplemented diet had an improvement in the FCR during the 21-35 days of the experiment period compared with other groups. The significant increase of the albumin level was observed in artichoke group compared with CCl 4 group. There was a significant difference in the total protein level in the artichoke group in comparison with CCl 4 group and artichoke + CCl 4 group. Concentration of AST enzyme was determined significantly lower in the artichoke group compared with other groups. The artichoke group showed a significant increase in the villus length compared with the control and CCl 4 groups. However, the artichoke + CCl 4 group did not show a significant change (P< 0.05) in the villus length compared with the control group. In conclusion, our study showed that the use of artichoke extract improves morphological status in the small intestine in broiler chickens and subsequently improves the digestibility.In conclusion, our study provides evidence that the use of artichoke extract improves morphological status in small intestine in broiler chickens and subsequently improves the digestibility.

The Influence of Artichoke Aqueous extract on the growth performance, feed utilization, carcass characteristics, and health status of growing rabbits

“…In coordination with our findings El-Maddawy and Ibraheim (2019) defined that the control boiler the cholesterol and triglyceride were greater up to 100.90 and 88.83mg/dI than 79.40 and 77.97mg/dI in the artichoke boiler, respectively. This is Confirmed by Karimi et al (2020) who reported that cholesterol and triglyceride concentration were more in the control boiler were 121.90 and 94.69 mg/dL than 110.67 and 90.72mg/dL in the artichoke boiler, respectively. The lowest LDL was observed in D1 rabbits compared with all other rabbits, then the same trend was recorded by Fallah et al (2013) who reported that LDL was 34.06 and 32.16 mgdI -1 in control and artichoke broiler, respectively.…”

“…Additionally, the decreasing level of the liver enzymes (D1 rabbits) in the current study may reflect the decreased level of glucose (Noordam et al, 2017) revealing that the scientific concentrations of liver enzymes have been associated with glycaemia. Karimi et al (2020) found that lower AST and ALT in artichoke boiler were 72.41and 4.28 IU/L than 141.11 and 5.94 IU/L in the control group, respectively. Also, Abadjieva et al (2020) recorded that ALT and AST had more concentration in control up to 11.9 and 182.0 U/L than 10.9 and 160.0U/L in laying hens received 3 g/kg of milled artichoke.…”

“…On the other hand, the positive effect of AE on changes in body weight was explained by Lertpatarakomol et al (2015) who determined that supplementation of 75 ppm of artichoke extract in drinking water on days 1-7 and 15-24 of age may improve growth performance of broiler chickens. At that same time, Karimi et al (2020) noticed that the change in the body weight of broilers that received artichoke extract was 952.78 g compared with 943.79g in control during a trial period from 21 to 35 days. Also, Al-Masari and Al-Himdany (2022) found that artichoke leaf extract powder at 0, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg diet led to changes in body weight of broilers up to 2154, 2239, and 2236 g at 5 th weeks of age, respectively.…”

“…In this context, Lertpatarakomol et al (2015) stated that using 300 ppm of artichoke extract in drinking water could attained more WG and FCR up to 65.01 g / d and 1.63 than 60.09 g/d and 1.57 in control broiler chickens from 1 to 42 days of age, respectively. Furthermore, Karimi et al (2020) showed that chicks fed basal diets supplemented with artichoke extract had an improvement in the FCR (1.94) compared to the control (2.19) during 21-28 days of the experimental period. According to, Al-Masari and Al-Himdany (2022) showed that the effect of adding artichoke leaf extract powder at 0.5 g/kg diet has significantly (P<0.05) excelled in WG (775.49g) and FCR (1.49) compared with 729.06 (WG) and 1.61 (FCR) in control broiler at 5 weeks of age.…”

“…In addition, many researchers have reported the positive effects of extracts of herbal medicines on the function and growth of livestock (Kuralkar and Kuralkar, 2021;Al-Masari and Al-Himdany, 2022;Abdel-Wahab et al, 2023). In this respect, Karimi et al (2020) reported that artichoke is the oldest known herbal medicine; it has phenolic compounds that prove the antioxidant function results from its radical-scavenging properties. Artichoke could be a good ingredient in rabbit diets from the view of the digestion and health status of growing rabbits (Havlíček et al, 2023), where its contents of oligosaccharides, such as inulin, and oligofructose, are possible substitutes for antibiotics and can improve gut health and reduce the mortality of rabbits.…”