The effects of applied stress on the intergranular phosphorus segregation in a chromium steel

Characterization of Gallium-induced Intergranular Fracture Surface and the Auger Electron Spectroscopic Analysis for Mg Grain Boundary Segregation in AA6061 T4 Al-Mg-Si Alloy

“…Such investigations have substantially improved the formability of 6xxx series alloys by forming the material at high temperature. However, some metallurgical effects, such as the segregation of solute atoms on the grain boundary at high temperature, which have been widely investigated for steels, [7][8][9] have been only addressed briefly for Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloys. Aluminum applications in the automotive industry may be limited by poor resistance to stress corrosion cracking and intergranular fracture, so the solute segregation on the grain boundary, which has been found to be a key factor in determining the susceptibility of stress corrosion cracking in Al-Zn-Mg alloy, [10][11][12] needs to be fundamentally examined in 6xxx alloy.…”

A unified model of grain-boundary segregation kinetics

“…With this model, the segregation kinetics during isothermal ageing after quenching measured by Li et al, 13 Xu et al, 12 and He et al, 11 that after deformation measured by He et al, 11 and that under stress measured by Shinoda et al, 15 Song et al, 31 and Misra et al 16 are fitted. The fitting procedure is as follows:…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Evolution of solute grain-boundary concentration is termed as solute segregation kinetics. To clarify NGS mechanism, segregation kinetics during isothermal ageing for some steels after quenching, after deformation or under stress have been evaluated.…”

“…To clarify NGS mechanism, segregation kinetics during isothermal ageing for some steels after quenching, after deformation or under stress have been evaluated. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Before isothermal ageing, the samples have usually been in an equilibrium state at the solution-treatment or ageing temperature. Figure 1 shows a typical segregation kinetics after quenching.…”

“…The segregation kinetics under stress can be divided into two types according to the stress magnitude. 15,21 If the stress is high enough to produce a significant creep, the segregation kinetics is complicated and not considered in this work. If the stress can not produce a significant creep, the segregation kinetics is simple and typically shown in Fig.…”