The Effects of Altered Ultrasound Parameters on the Recovery of Sciatic Nerve Injury

Akhlaghi, Zhamak; Mobarakeh, Jalal Izadi; Mokhtari, Mehrdad; Behnam, Hamid; Rahimi, Amir Abbas; Hosseini, Mohammad Saleh Khajeh; Samiee, Farzaneh

doi:10.6091/ibj.942.2012

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…First, LIU intensity needs to be between 200 and 500 mW/cm 2 . At lower intensity (≤100 mW/cm 2 ), the beneficial effect of LIU is not observable (Daeschler et al, 2018a;Ito et al, 2020), while at higher intensity (≥1 W/cm 2 ) the beneficial effect is reduced or absent (Hong et al, 1988;Mourad et al, 2001;Akhlaghi et al, 2012;Jiang et al, 2016). Second, to improve nerve regeneration, LIU should be applied repetitively, either every day or every other day and for a short period of time (between 1 and 10 min per application).…”

Section: Effect Of Low-intensity Ultrasound On Peripheral Nerve Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, multiple advances made from pre-clinical studies lead to the current consensus that LIU application promotes peripheral nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injuries (Hong et al, 1988;Mourad et al, 2001;Crisci and Ferreira, 2002;Chang and Hsu, 2004;Chang et al, 2005;Raso et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2010;Park et al, 2010;Akhlaghi et al, 2012;Oliveira et al, 2012;Jahromy et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2013;Lv et al, 2015;Jiang et al, 2016;Ni et al, 2017;Ito et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2021). More precisely, it was shown that LIU could: (i) increase the number, diameter, or the myelination of axon distal to the lesion site; (ii) improve nerve conduction velocities (NCV) and compound muscle action potentials (CMAP); and (iii) enhance functional recovery after nerve injury (Table 1) (for review, see Peng et al, 2020).…”

Section: Effect Of Low-intensity Ultrasound On Peripheral Nerve Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Therapeutic Low-Intensity Ultrasound for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration – A Schwann Cell Perspective

Acheta

Stephens

Belin

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Peripheral nerve injuries are common conditions that can arise from trauma (e.g., compression, severance) and can lead to neuropathic pain as well as motor and sensory deficits. Although much knowledge exists on the mechanisms of injury and nerve regeneration, treatments that ensure functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury are limited. Schwann cells, the supporting glial cells in peripheral nerves, orchestrate the response to nerve injury, by converting to a “repair” phenotype. However, nerve regeneration is often suboptimal in humans as the repair Schwann cells do not sustain their repair phenotype long enough to support the prolonged regeneration times required for successful nerve regrowth. Thus, numerous strategies are currently focused on promoting and extending the Schwann cells repair phenotype. Low-intensity ultrasound (LIU) is a non-destructive therapeutic approach which has been shown to facilitate peripheral nerve regeneration following nerve injury in rodents. Still, clinical trials in humans are scarce and limited to small population sizes. The benefit of LIU on nerve regeneration could possibly be mediated through the repair Schwann cells. In this review, we discuss the known and possible molecular mechanisms activated in response to LIU in repair Schwann cells to draw support and attention to LIU as a compelling regenerative treatment for peripheral nerve injury.

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Section: Effect Of Low-intensity Ultrasound On Peripheral Nerve Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Low-intensity Ultrasound On Peripheral Nerve Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Low-Intensity Ultrasound for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration – A Schwann Cell Perspective

Acheta

Stephens

Belin

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Ultrasound therapy for a week promotes regeneration and reduces pro-inflammatory macrophages in a rat sciatic nerve autograft model

Kawai

Ito

Kawaguchi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Peripheral nerve injury causes long-term motor dysfunction. Ultrasound (US) therapy is expected to accelerate peripheral nerve regeneration. However, its optimal usage and effects on macrophage phenotypes during peripheral nerve regeneration remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the optimal duration of US therapy and its effects on macrophage phenotype. Twenty-seven rats with autologous sciatic nerve grafting were divided into three groups: two received US therapy (1 MHz frequency, intensity of 140 mW/cm2, 20% duty cycle, 5 min/day) for one (US1) or 4 weeks (US4), and one group received sham stimulation. Immunohistochemistry was performed 3 and 7 days after injury in another set of 12 rats. Eight weeks after the injury, the compound muscle action potential amplitude of the gastrocnemius in the US1 and US4 groups was significantly higher than that in the sham group. The toe-spreading test showed functional recovery, whereas the gait pattern during treadmill walking did not recover. There were no significant differences in motor function, histomorphometry, or muscle weight between groups. Immunohistochemistry showed that US therapy decreased the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages seven days after injury. Therefore, US therapy for both one or 4 weeks can similarly promote reinnervation and reduce proinflammatory macrophages in autograft model rats.

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Advancements in stimulation therapies for peripheral nerve regeneration

Bordett,

Danazumi,

Wijekoon

et al. 2024

Biomed. Mater.

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Soft-tissue injuries affecting muscles, nerves, vasculature, tendons, and ligaments often diminish the quality of life due to pain, loss of function, and financial burdens. Both natural healing and surgical interventions can result in scarring, which potentially may impede functional recovery and lead to persistent pain. Scar tissue, characterized by a highly disorganized fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM), may serve as a physical barrier to regeneration and drug delivery. While approaches such as drugs, biomaterials, cells, external stimulation, and other physical forces show promise in mitigating scarring and promoting regenerative healing, their implementation remains limited and challenging. Ultrasound, laser, electrical, and magnetic forms of external stimulation have been utilized to promote soft tissue as well as neural tissue regeneration. After stimulation, neural tissues experience increased proliferation of Schwann cells, secretion of neurotropic factors, production of myelin, and growth of vasculature, all aimed at supporting axon regeneration and innervation. Yet, the outcomes of healing vary depending on the pathophysiology of the damaged nerve, the timing of stimulation following injury, and the specific parameters of stimulation employed. Increased treatment intensity and duration have been noted to hinder the healing process by inducing tissue damage. These stimulation modalities, either alone or in combination with nerve guidance conduits and scaffolds, have been demonstrated to promote healing. However, the literature currently lacks a detailed understanding of the stimulation parameters used for nerve healing applications. In this article, we aim to address this gap by summarizing existing reports and providing an overview of stimulation parameters alongside their associated healing outcomes.

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The Effects of Altered Ultrasound Parameters on the Recovery of Sciatic Nerve Injury

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Therapeutic Low-Intensity Ultrasound for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration – A Schwann Cell Perspective

Therapeutic Low-Intensity Ultrasound for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration – A Schwann Cell Perspective

Ultrasound therapy for a week promotes regeneration and reduces pro-inflammatory macrophages in a rat sciatic nerve autograft model

Advancements in stimulation therapies for peripheral nerve regeneration

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