The effects of alcohol on fetal development

Jones, Kenneth Lyons

doi:10.1002/bdrc.20200

Cited by 130 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Animals in control groups C1 and C2 were administered pure vehicle (30% ethanol in water) so as to provide comparative data on the potential effect of the drug vehicle on experimental group results, as alcohol intake is known to interfere with pregnancy in a dosedependent manner [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chronic Bryophyllum pinnatum Administration on Wistar Rat Pregnancy

Hosomi

Ghelman²,

Quintino³

et al. 2014

Complement Med Res

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Background: Drugs used in preterm labor (PTL) have side effects. Research into new tocolytic agents is recommended. The plant Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken (Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers) is used in Anthroposophic Medicine for PTL, insomnia, and emotional disturbances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of B. pinnatum mother tincture (MT) on Wistar rats and their fetuses throughout pregnancy. Method: Sixty animals were divided into 6 equal groups: controls C1 and C2 received 1 and 25 × the maximum daily dose of a 30% ethanol / water solution, serving as vehicle of B. pinnatum MT; B1 and B2 received 1 and 25 × the maximum daily dose of B. pinnatum MT; and B3 and B4 received 50 and 100 × B. pinnatum concentrate. The following parameters were assessed: weight gain; maternal and fetal mortality; implantations and resorptions; number and weight of fetuses and placentas; major external fetal malformations. Results: Rat weight gain (excluding fetal and placental weight) was higher in group B4 and lower in group B2. There were no maternal or fetal deaths and no group differences in implantations and resorptions or number and weight of fetuses and placentas. No macroscopic fetal abnormalities were observed at the 4 dosage levels investigated. Conclusion: Daily administration of B. pinnatum MT at high doses to pregnant Wistar rats interfered with maternal weight gain and did not interfere with fetal compartment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chronic Bryophyllum pinnatum Administration on Wistar Rat Pregnancy

Hosomi

Ghelman²,

Quintino³

et al. 2014

Complement Med Res

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“…5 The eye is, among several organic systems, one of the most affected structures by alcohol misuse during pregnancy. Independently of the exposition to high levels of alcohol prenatally, the risk of eye malformations seems to be limited to children who develop FAS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Loss in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: A Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis

et al. 2016

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RESUMOIntrodução: A hipoplasia do disco ótico é característica comum na síndrome fetal-alcoólica. Assim, propusemo-nos a avaliar as alterações morfológicas do disco ótico e a espessura da camada de fibras nervosas retinianas peripapilares, nunca antes estudada nestes doentes. Material e Métodos: Realizamos tomografia de coerência óptica de domínio espectral num grupo de 11 doentes (22 olhos) com síndrome fetal-alcoólica e num grupo controlo ajustado à idade. Avaliamos alguns parâmetros morfológicos do disco ótico (área e diâmetro do disco ótico, área do anel neurorretiniano, razão escavação/disco horizontal e vertical) e a espessura da camada de fibras nervosas retiniana peripapilares. Resultados: Os valores médios da área do disco ótico, anel neurorretiniano e diâmetro do disco ótico foram, respetivamente, no grupo de doentes e no grupo controlo: 1,540 ± 0,268 e 1,748 ± 0,326 mm 2 ; 1,205 ± 0,286 e 1,461 ± 0,314 mm 2 ; 1,417 ± 0,124 e 1,501 ± 0,148 mm (p < 0,05). Não encontramos diferenças significativas entre as razões escavação/disco. A espessura média da camada de fibras nervosas foi significativamente menor nos pacientes (90,500 ± 9,344 µm) relativamente aos controlos (111,000 ± 7,855 µm) (p < 0,0001). Verificamos uma diminuição significativa nos quadrantes superior, inferior e nasal (p < 0,005). O quadrante temporal não revelou diferenças significativas. Discussão: As áreas do disco ótico e anel neurorretiniano e o diâmetro do disco ótico foram significativamente menores nos pacientes com síndrome fetal-alcoólica. Embora a espessura média da camada de fibras nervosas peripapilares se tenha revelado diminuída, o quadrante temporal parece estar poupado. Conclusão: Para além de uma área/ diâmetro do disco ótico e área do anel neurorretiniano menores, descobrimos um padrão heterogéneo de perda da camada de fibras nervosas retinianas peripapilares em pacientes com síndrome fetal-alcoólica, sem atingimento do quadrante temporal. A tomografia de coerência óptica poderá ser útil no estabelecimento do diagnóstico da síndrome fetal-alcoólica. Optic disc hypoplasia is a common feature in fetal alcohol syndrome. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the optic disc morphology changes and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in these patients. Material and Methods:We performed spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in a cohort of 11 patients (22 eyes) with fetal alcohol syndrome and in an age-matched control group. We evaluated optic nerve head parameters (optic disc area and diameter, rim area, cup/disc horizontal and vertical ratios) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Results: Mean optic disc area, rim area and optic disc diameter were, respectively, in fetal alcohol syndrome patients and control subjects: 1.540 ± 0.268 and 1.748 ± 0.326 mm 2 ; 1.205 ± 0.286 and 1.461 ± 0.314 mm 2 ; 1.417 ± 0.124 and 1.501 ± 0.148 mm (p < 0.05). We found no significant differences between groups for cup/disc ratios. Mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was significantly lower in fetal alcohol syndro...

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“…Alkoholkonsumierende Frauen über 30 Jahre haben ein größeres Risiko, Kinder mit FAS zu bekommen als jüngere Frauen [7,12,15,27]. Die Ursachen dafür sind unklar.…”

Section: Mütterliche Risikofaktorenunclassified

Mütterlicher Alkoholkonsum in der Schwangerschaft und fetales Alkoholsyndrom

Landgraf

Hilgendorff

Heinen

2014

Monatsschr Kinderheilkd

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Risikofaktoren und ihre Bedeutung in der Prävention und frühen DiagnoseAlkoholkonsum der werdenden Mutter während der Schwangerschaft ist häufig und kann das ungeborene Kind gravierend schädigen. Die intrauterinen Schädigungen des kindlichen Gehirns sind biologisch irreversibel und führen zu lebenslangen und vielfältigen Beeinträchtigungen der betroffenen Menschen, ihrer Familien und ihrer Umgebung. Die Kenntnis von Risikofaktoren für Alkoholkonsum in der Schwangerschaft und für die Entstehung eines fetalen Alkoholsyndroms (FAS) erleichtert die täg-liche klinisch-ärztliche Praxis und verbessert, laut klinischer Erfahrung, die Primär-sowie Sekundärprävention betroffener Familien.

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The effects of alcohol on fetal development

Cited by 130 publications

References 54 publications

Effects of Chronic <b><i>Bryophyllum pinnatum</i></b> Administration on Wistar Rat Pregnancy

Effects of Chronic <b><i>Bryophyllum pinnatum</i></b> Administration on Wistar Rat Pregnancy

Pattern of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Loss in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: A Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis

Mütterlicher Alkoholkonsum in der Schwangerschaft und fetales Alkoholsyndrom

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