The Effects of AI on the Working Lives of Women

November 2022 No. 338 2  BUILDING BETTER SOCIETIES THROUGH DIGITAL POLICY OECD DIGITAL ECONOMY PAPERSThis paper examines three key challenges policy makers face in the pursuit of building better societies through digital policy: bridging digital divides, combatting harmful content online and effectively harnessing digital technologies to fight climate change and other environmental problems. This report provides insights into key trends across OECD and partner economies and offers policy actions that can help decision makers tackle these three critical challenges.The paper provides background to support the discussions on Theme 2: Building better societies through digital policy of the Ministerial meeting of the Committee on Digital Economy Policy, taking place on 14-15 December 2022 in Gran Canaria, Spain. It informs the sessions on "Combatting misinformation and disinformation online", "The future of connectivity -investing in high quality networks", "Advancing inclusive digital societies -bridging digital divides and breaking down barriers" and "Digital technologies in the green transition: Friend or foe?" of the Ministerial meeting. This paper was written by Thyme Burdon, Celine Caira, Lauren Crean and Elif Koksal-Oudot from the OECD Secretariat under the supervision of Audrey Plonk, Head of the OECD Digital Economy Policy Division and the advice of Gallia Daor. It benefitted from contributions by Alexia Gonzalez Fanfalone, Molly Lesher and Maximilian Reisch, statistical support from Frédéric Bourassa, and comments from Brigitte Acoca, Karine Perset, Vincenzo Spiezia and Verena Weber. Many thanks to Paolo Veneri and Maria Paula Caldas from the OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE) for their input. Angela Gosmann and Sebastian Ordelheide from the OECD Secretariat, and Misha Pinkhasov provided editorial support. The Ministerial meeting and related work were generously supported by the Government of Spain. This paper was approved and declassified by written procedure by the Committee on Digital Economy Policy on

Section: Green Transition: Digital Technologies As Friend or Foe?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Building better societies through digital policy

2022

“… Policy implementation, including identifying challenges and good practices in areas commonly outlined in internationally agreed principles 7 , such as promoting inclusive growth and sustainable development; investing in R&D; fostering a digital ecosystem through competition and innovation; shaping an enabling policy environment, including via regulatory experimentation; and building human capacity to prepare for labour market transformation.…”

Section: Leveraging the Policy Cycle To Enable Governance Of Emerging...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using data from Scopus 6. In this context, "tools" is an umbrella terms that covers almost anything that helps make AI more trustworthy, from computer software and programming code to employee workshops and training or guidelines and standards 7. Including the OECD AI Principles, the OECD recommendation on Broadband Connectivity and the OECD recommendation on Enhancing Access to and Sharing of Data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the power of AI and emerging technologies

2022

This paper explores the opportunities and risks posed by AI and emerging technologies, including risks to human rights, fairness and human agency. It builds on OECD's extensive work on AI, data governance and connectivity to support policy makers in the process of developing forward-looking policies and adapting governance frameworks to keep pace with these technological developments and ensure they are trustworthy.The paper provides background to support the discussions on Theme 4: Harnessing the Power of AI and Emerging Technologies of the Ministerial meeting of the Committee on Digital Economy Policy, taking place on 14-15 December 2022 in Gran Canaria, Spain. It informs the sessions on "The OECD AI Principles -impact on the global policy landscape" and "The future of simulated environments and immersive technologies" of the Ministerial meeting. This paper was written by Karine Perset, Christian Reimsbach-Kounatze, Inmaculada Cava Ferreruela, Kulani Abendroth-Dias and Luis Aranda, under the supervision of Audrey Plonk, Head of the OECD Digital Economy Policy Division. It benefitted from the inputs of Hanna-Mari Kilpelainen, Verena Weber, Elizabeth Thomas-Raynaud, Gallia Daor, Adam Mollerup and colleagues from the OECD Employment, Labour and Social Affairs Directorate (ELS), the Education Directorate (EDU), the Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs (DAF), the Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE) and the Directorate for Public Governance (GOV). The report also benefitted from the inputs of delegates for the OECD Committee on Digital Economy Policy, including the Civil Society Information Society Advisory Council (CSISAC) and Business at the OECD (BIAC). Shellie Phillips, Angela Gosmann, Sebastian Ordelheide and Misha Pinkhasov provided editorial support. The Ministerial meeting and related work were generously supported by the Government of Spain. This paper was approved and declassified by written procedure by the Committee on Digital Economy Policy on

“…Il convient également de prendre en compte les disparités existant entre les catégories sociales et entre les sexes. À titre d'exemple, la proportion de femmes parmi les auteurs ou co-auteurs de publications sur l'IA est inférieure à 20 % dans la plupart des pays5 .Il faut disposer de meilleurs outils6 de collecte de données pour prendre des décisions éclairées sur la manière de gouverner l'IA, autrement dit pour définir les types de systèmes ou les cas d'utilisation à Compte tenu de la vitesse d'évolution et de la complexité technique de l'IA, la mise en oeuvre d'une IA et de technologies émergentes dignes de confiance requiert une collaboration étroite, structurée et continue des entreprises et des décideurs. Les normes de gouvernance des entreprises et les codes de conduites sectoriels peuvent fournir des orientations utiles.…”

unclassified

“…D'après des données de GitHub 5. D'après des données de Scopus 6. Dans ce contexte, « outils » est un terme générique qui recouvre à peu près tout ce qui contribue à rendre l'IA plus digne de confiance : il peut s'agir de logiciels ou de langages de programmation, mais aussi d'ateliers et de formations à l'intention des employés, ou de lignes directrices et de normes.7 Principes de l'OCDE sur l'IA, Recommandation de l'OCDE sur la connectivité à haut débit et Recommandation de l'OCDE sur l'amélioration de l'accès aux données et de leur partage.…”

unclassified

Exploiter la puissance de l’IA et des technologies émergentes

2022

L'objet du présent rapport est d'étudier les possibilités offertes et les risques posés par l'IA et les technologies émergentes, notamment en matière de droits humains, d'équité et d'agentivité humaine. Il s'inscrit dans le prolongement des vastes travaux que l'OCDE consacre aux questions de l'IA, de la gouvernance des données et de la connectivité pour aider les responsables de l'action publique à élaborer des politiques tournées vers l'avenir et à adapter les cadres de gouvernance de façon qu'ils évoluent avec les technologies et restent dignes de confiance.Ce document apporte des éléments d'information destinés à nourrir les débats qui seront menés au titre du thème 4, Exploiter la puissance de l'IA et des technologies émergentes, à l'occasion de la Réunion que le Comité de la politique de l'économie numérique tiendra au niveau des Ministres les 14 et 15 décembre 2022 à la Grande Canarie (Espagne), en particulier lors des sessions intitulées « Principes de l'OCDE sur l'IA -incidences sur le paysage mondial de l'action publique » et « L'avenir des environnements simulés et des technologies immersives ».