The effects of aging on the subjective vertical in the frontal plane in healthy adults

Fukata, Kazuhiro; Amimoto, Kazu; Fujino, Yuji; Inoue, Masahide; Inoue, Mamiko; Takahashi, Yurika; Makita, Shigeru; Takahashi, Hidetoshi

doi:10.1589/jpts.29.1950

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…From these, 26 were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria; 16 of which the SPV protocol was in standing position or used control groups with non-healthy participants; and 10 of which had insufficient description of SPV method and/or results that prevent the calculation of the mean reference values. Finally, 16 articles were included [ 5 , 12 , 13 , 21 – 23 , 30 – 39 ] which resulted in 434 subjects evaluated ( Fig 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative data for human postural vertical: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Perception of verticality is required for normal daily function, yet the typical human detection error range has not been well characterized. Vertical misperception has been correlated with poor postural control and functionality in patients after stroke and after vestibular disorders. Until now, all the published studies that assessed Subjective Postural Vertical (SPV) in the seated position used small groups to establish a reference value. However, this sample size does not represent the healthy population for comparison with conditions resulting in pathological vertical. Therefore, the primary objective was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analyses of Subjective Postural Vertical (SPV) data in seated position in healthy adults to establish the reference value with a representative sample. The secondary objective was to investigate the methodological characteristics of different assessment protocols of SPV described in the literature. A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane libraries. Mean and standard deviation of SPV in frontal and sagittal planes were considered as effect size measures. Sixteen of 129 identified studies met eligibility criteria for our systematic review (n = 337 subjects in the frontal plane; n = 187 subjects in sagittal plane). The meta-analyses measure was estimated using the pooled mean as the estimator and its respective error. Mean reference values were 0.12°±1.49° for the frontal plane and 0.02°±1.82° for the sagittal plane. There was a small variability of the results and this systematic review resulted in representative values for SPV. The critical analysis of the studies and observed homogeneity in the sample suggests that the methodological differences used in the studies did not influence SPV assessment of directional bias in healthy subjects. These data can serve as a reference for clinical studies in disorders of verticality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative data for human postural vertical: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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“…These results show that the SPVc angle tends to deviate further away from the vertical position than the LTF angle in patients with a relatively small LTF angle. The SPVc of healthy elderly individuals is 0.1°, 3 and thus, the SPVc also tends to deviate away from the vertical position in patients with PD and a small LTF angle. We presume that deviation of the SPVc during the early disease stage has a major effect on the degree of LTF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although the pathophysiology of LTF in PD has not been fully clarified, we know that alterations in sensory‐motor integration pathways result in abnormal body schema perception and cognition, and this is one of the reasons why patients are unable to appropriately perceive their own physical posture 2 . Healthy individuals are able to perceive their own verticality accurately; the perception of body verticality, also known as the subjective postural vertical in the coronal plane (SPVc), allows these individuals to recognize deviations of 0.1° from the vertical position, despite their eyes being closed 3 . To the contrary, most patients with PD do not notice LTF in themselves when it develops 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective postural vertical in Parkinson's disease with lateral trunk flexion

2020

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Lateral trunk flexion (LTF) is one of the postural abnormalities that can develop in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). It is an important clinical sign, and it affects activities of daily living and quality of life. 1 Although the pathophysiology of LTF in PD has not been fully clarified, we know that alterations in sensory-motor integration pathways result in abnormal body schema perception and cognition, and this is one of the reasons why patients are unable to appropriately perceive their own physical posture. 2 Healthy individuals are able to perceive their own verticality accurately; the perception of body verticality, also known as the subjective postural vertical in the coronal plane (SPVc), allows these individuals to recognize deviations of 0.1° from the vertical position, despite their eyes being closed. 3 To the contrary, most patients with PD do not notice LTF in themselves when it develops. 4 Lateral trunk flexion (LTF) >10° is defined as Pisa

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“…Bisdorff et al (1996) observed a larger sector of SPV with aging on the roll and pitch plane in healthy subjects and reported a decline in the sensitivity of perception of body verticality. Fukata et al (2017) assessed the SPVon the frontal plane and reported no difference in the tilt direction between the elderly and young subjects; however, the variability was significantly higher in elderly subjects than in young subjects. Therefore, the diagonal backward deviation on the diagonal plane may include elements of the tilt direction on the sagittal plane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the SPV on the sagittal plane has been shown to deviate backward with age (Barbieri et al, 2010). In addition, the variability in the SPV on the frontal plane has been reported to be significantly higher in elderly subjects than in younger subjects (Fukata et al, 2017). These results indicate that the precision or sensitivity of SPV declines with age; hence, it is important to determine the effect of aging on vertical perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test-retest reliability of and age-related changes in the subjective postural vertical on the diagonal plane in healthy subjects

Fukata

Amimoto

Sekine

et al. 2018

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The subjective postural vertical (SPV) reflects gravity perception when the eyes are closed. Changes in the SPV on both the frontal and sagittal planes occur in response to neurological disorders and aging; however, these changes on the diagonal plane are unclear. Here we examined test-retest reliability (n=16) of and age-related changes (n=38) in the SPVon the diagonal plane. Subjects sat on an electrical vertical board (EVB), which was used to measure the SPV on the diagonal plane. An experimenter controlled and moved the EVB seat at a constant speed on the diagonal plane and measured the seat's tilt using a digital inclinometer when subjects verbally reported that they had reached a true vertical position. Measurement was performed for eight trials, and the mean (tilt direction) and standard deviation (variability) were calculated. To determine test-retest reliability, the same experimenter repeatedly measured the SPV 1 week later. To assess age-related changes, tilt direction and variability were compared between the young (n=20) and elderly (n=18) groups. Test-retest reliability on the right and left diagonal planes was 0.61 or more. Moreover, tilt direction on the right diagonal planebut not on the left diagonal planeindicated a significant diagonally backward deviation in the elderly group compared with that in the young group. Variability was significantly higher in the elderly group on both planes. SPV measurement on the diagonal plane was indicated, and age-related changes were identified. Thus, future studies should assess the potential clinical applications of SPV in neurological disorders.

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The effects of aging on the subjective vertical in the frontal plane in healthy adults

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Normative data for human postural vertical: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Normative data for human postural vertical: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Subjective postural vertical in Parkinson's disease with lateral trunk flexion

Test-retest reliability of and age-related changes in the subjective postural vertical on the diagonal plane in healthy subjects

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