The Effects of Aging on Material-Independent and Material-Dependent Neural Correlates of Source Memory Retrieval

Dulas, Michael R.; Duarte, Audrey

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhr056

Cited by 62 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Outside of the hippocampus, ERC has also been implicated in age-related dysfunction (33,(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41); our findings, however, were not significant. As with ERC structure, it will be beneficial for future studies to examine the relationship between ERC function and performance on tests of item vs. associative memory.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

“…Yassa et al (33) recently reported decreased ERC activity in individuals with MCI, but this finding is at odds with several standard-resolution fMRI studies reporting increased activity along the parahippocampal gyrus-particularly anterior regions encompassing ERC-in older relative to younger adults (36)(37)(38)(39), as well as in older adults with high levels of amyloid deposition (40) or with increased genetic risk of developing AD (41).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on prior structural findings, we hypothesized that ERC (15)(16)(17)(18)(19) and CA1-SRLM (11,28) thickness would be positively linked to associative memory performance. Motivated by prior functional findings, we hypothesized that taskrelated activity in DG/CA3 (31,(33)(34)(35) and ERC (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41) would be negatively linked to associative memory performance. Finally, we hypothesized that this combination of structural and functional metrics would better account for individual differences in associative memory performance than structural or functional measures alone.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual differences in associative memory among older adults explained by hippocampal subfield structure and function

Carr

Bernstein

Favila

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Older adults experience impairments in episodic memory, ranging from mild to clinically significant. Given the critical role of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) in episodic memory, age-related changes in MTL structure and function may partially account for individual differences in memory. Using ultra-high-field 7T structural MRI and high-resolution 3T functional MRI (hr-fMRI), we evaluated MTL subfield thickness and function in older adults representing a spectrum of cognitive health. Participants performed an associative memory task during hr-fMRI in which they encoded and later retrieved face-name pairs. Motivated by prior research, we hypothesized that differences in performance would be explained by the following: (i) entorhinal cortex (ERC) and CA1 apical neuropil layer [CA1-stratum radiatum lacunosum moleculare (SRLM)] thickness, and (ii) activity in ERC and the dentate gyrus (DG)/CA3 region. Regression analyses revealed that this combination of factors significantly accounted for variability in memory performance. Among these metrics, CA1-SRLM thickness was positively associated with memory, whereas DG/CA3 retrieval activity was negatively associated with memory. Furthermore, including structural and functional metrics in the same model better accounted for performance than did single-modality models. These results advance the understanding of how independent but converging influences of both MTL subfield structure and function contribute to age-related memory impairment, complementing findings in the rodent and human postmortem literatures.episodic memory | hippocampus | aging | mild cognitive impairment | Alzheimer's disease E pisodic memory, or the capacity to encode and subsequently retrieve memories for events, is known to be particularly vulnerable to age-related change (1-3). Older adults show varying degrees of episodic memory impairment, ranging from mild to clinically significant. One potential factor underlying such differences is variability in the structure and function of the medial temporal lobe (MTL).The MTL is essential for episodic memory (4-7), and research across species indicates that the MTL changes in both healthy aging and in age-related neurodegenerative disease (for reviews, see refs. 8 and 9). Critically, however, the MTL is not a unitary structure. Rather, it is composed of multiple regions with differing anatomy and connectivity (see, e.g., ref. 10), including subfields of the hippocampal formation [CA1, CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus (DG), and subiculum], and the entorhinal (ERC), perirhinal (PRC), and parahippocampal (PHC) cortices (Fig. 1A). Moreover, evidence in rodents and humans suggests that these subfields are differentially affected by age, as well as by age-related disease (8, 9, 11).Converging evidence in human studies of healthy aging using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggests disproportionate age-related atrophy in CA1 (12-15), although some studies point to selective atrophy of the subiculum or DG/CA3, while others suggest changes encompassing multip...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual differences in associative memory among older adults explained by hippocampal subfield structure and function

Carr

Bernstein

Favila

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In Experiment 3, we addressed the question whether or not older participants would show a similar pattern of effects. If fluency was preserved in older adults (and if older adults' source memory indeed relied more strongly on fluency, see Dulas & Duarte, 2012), similar (or even more pronounced) ERP correlates of within-modality repetitions should be observed. By contrast if recollection was reduced, weaker evidence for repetition-related ERP effects should occur.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Bastin et al (2013) reported beneficial effects of familiarity-based processes on source memory in older adults when applying the unitization procedure previously introduced by colleauges (2008, 2011). Moreover, in an fMRI study, (Dulas & Duarte, 2012) observed activity in the perirhinal cortex, a structure associated with familiarity-based processes, to increase with enhanced source memory performance in older adults. This finding was interpreted as reflecting greater reliance on familiarity with higher age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluency affects source memory for familiar names in younger and older adults: Evidence from event-related brain potentials

2014

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2014) 'Fluency aects source memory for familiar names in younger and older adults : evidence from event-related brain potentials. ', NeuroImage.,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105] Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. depends not only on recollection, but on fluency-based processes as well. In three experiments, we used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to examine influences of fluency on source memory for famous names. At test, names were presented visually throughout, whereas visual or auditory presentation was used at learning. In Experiment 1, source decisions following old/new judgments were more accurate for repeated relative to non-repeated visually and auditorily learned names. ERPs were more positive between 300 and 600 ms for visually learned as compared to both auditorily learned and new names, resembling an N400 priming effect. In Experiment 2, we omitted the old/new decision to more directly test fast-acting fluency effects on source memory. We observed more accurate source judgments for repeated versus non-repeated visually learned names, but no such effect for repeated versus non-repeated auditorily learned names. Again, an N400 effect (300-600 ms) differentiated between visually and auditorily learned names. Importantly, this effect occurred for correct source decisions only. We interpret it as indexing fluency arising from withinmodality priming of visually learned names at test. This idea was further supported in Experiment 3, which revealed an analogous pattern of results in older adults, consistent with the assumption of spared fluency processes in older age. In sum, our findings suggest that fluency affects personrelated source memory via within-modality repetition priming in both younger and older adults.

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Episodic Memory in Healthy Older Adults

Rajah¹,

Maillet²,

Grady³

2015

The Wiley Handbook on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory

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The Effects of Aging on Material-Independent and Material-Dependent Neural Correlates of Source Memory Retrieval

Cited by 62 publications

References 84 publications

Individual differences in associative memory among older adults explained by hippocampal subfield structure and function

Individual differences in associative memory among older adults explained by hippocampal subfield structure and function

Fluency affects source memory for familiar names in younger and older adults: Evidence from event-related brain potentials

Episodic Memory in Healthy Older Adults

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