The effects of age, weaning, drench volume and yarding on ruminoreticulum bypass in sheep, with reference to the anthelmintic efficacy of benzimidazole drenches

The effect of the route of administration (oral, intraruminal and intra-abomasal) on the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of the new anthelmintic monepantel in sheep was investigated. The target nematodes were fourth-stage Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Cooperia curticei. A clear difference in efficacy was identified between the routes of administration, although the difference did not consistently reach statistical significance; oral treatment was most effective, followed by intraruminal and then intra-abomasal administration. The same pattern was observed in the pharmacokinetic analysis, with lambs treated orally having more favourable exposure to monepantel and its sulfone metabolite (albeit in all but one instance not significantly different) than the lambs treated by the other routes of administration, which were very similar for most parameters.

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“…These aspects have been reviewed previously by Hennessy and others (1997) and Sargison and others (1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of route of administration on the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of an experimental formulation of the amino‐acetonitrile derivative monepantel in sheep

et al. 2010

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“…In adult ruminants, a certain degree of rumen bypass does occur during drinking (but note that the majority of fluid still enters the rumen; Woodford et al 1984). This mechanism has been used repeatedly for the administration of fluid drugs that should ideally bypass the rumen and enter the abomasum directly (Sargison et al 1998;Sargison et al 2000a;Sargison et al 2000b). However, it should be noted that the bypass mechanism originally proposed by Hofmann (1973Hofmann ( , 1989 and investigated in this study is not linked to drinking water intake, but to solid food ingestion, mastication, and the concomitant hypothetical solubilisation of nutrients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In domestic ruminants, radiographic studies after the application of a contrast medium (mostly barium sulfate) have been used (Sargison et al 1998), and a special breath test including the application of a marker isotope and repeated sampling of exhalate has been validated for the study of reticular groove closure (McLeay et al 1988), and groove closure has been tested by measuring serum glucose after feeding a glucose solution (Lousse and Ronsse 1950). In fistulated animals, presence or absence of an ingested marker in the ruminal contents (Waghorn and Shelton 1994) can be used as an indication for groove closure, as well as temperature recording at different sites of the gastrointestinal tract following the application of cold drinking water (Paragon and Hachet 1980), or simple visual or manual inspection of the groove (Hegland et al 1957).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No ‘bypass’ in adult ruminants: Passage of fluid ingested vs. fluid inserted into the rumen in fistulated muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and moose (Alces alces)

Lechner¹,

Barboza²,

Collins³

et al. 2009

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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In young ruminants, the reticular groove ensures that ingested milk is channelled past the forestomach to avoid malfermentation. It has been speculated that some adult wild ruminants, in particular browsing species, maintain a functional oesophageal (reticular) groove, that soluble nutrients can thus bypass the rumen, and that thus the energetic gain from the diet can be increased. We inserted a fluid marker (Co-EDTA) via cannula into the rumen and simultaneously fed a diet that contained a second fluid marker (Sm-EDTA), and analysed the faecal marker excretion patterns, in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus, n=4 in two experiments each), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus, n=4 in a total of six experiments) and moose (Alces alces, n=1 in one experiment). In no case was the orally fed marker excreted dinstinctively earlier than the marker inserted into the rumen, which indicates that substantial bypass did not occur in these animals. However, differences between the three species in the excretion of the two markers from the rumen are consistent with hypothetical differences in the stratification of rumen contents. We suggest that effects previously ascribed to a "rumen bypass" in wild ruminants most likely reflect differences in the passage from the rumen. No 'bypass' in adult ruminants AbstractIn young ruminants, the reticular groove ensures that ingested milk is channelled past the forestomach to avoid malfermentation. It has been speculated that some adult wild ruminants, in particular browsing species, maintain a functional oesophageal (reticular) groove, that soluble nutrients can thus bypass the rumen, and that thus the energetic gain from the diet can be increased. We inserted a fluid marker (Co-EDTA) via cannula into the rumen and simultaneously fed a diet that contained a second fluid marker (Sm-EDTA), and analysed the faecal marker excretion patterns, in muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus, n=4 in two experiments each), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus, n=4 in a total of six experiments) and moose (Alces alces, n=1 in one experiment). In no case was the orally fed marker excreted dinstinctively earlier than the marker inserted into the rumen, which indicates that substantial bypass did not occur in these animals. However, differences between the three species in the excretion of the two markers from the rumen are consistent with hypothetical differences in the stratification of rumen contents. We suggest that effects previously ascribed to a "rumen bypass" in wild ruminants most likely reflect differences in the passage from the rumen.

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“…There are many experimental protocols in which it has been demonstrated that treatment with glucose solutions (26,42,(63)(64)(65) , with NSAIDs such as meclofenamate and acetaminophen (37,66,67) , with certain antibiotics such as chloramphenicol (57) or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (50) , and some antiparasitic are generally ineffective due to product degradation by ruminal microflora or, conversely because of too fast circulation through the rumen (68)(69)(70) . It is therefore of great interest to stimulate furrow closure in the first case and suppressing it in the later.…”

Section: Use In Veterinary Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other antiparasitics studied by stimulating the reticular groove are benzimidazole (68) , oxfendazole (69) or some coccidiostats as the medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) (70,78) .…”

Section: Use In Veterinary Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomy, physiology, manipulation and veterinary applications of the reticular groove. Review

MARTÍN-ALONSO

Cal-Pereyra

Fernández-Caso

et al. 2019

Rev. Mex. Cienc. Pecu.

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Reticular groove closure in ruminants is a primary mechanism, almost exclusive of lactating animals, which makes the passage of food from the orifice of cardia to the abomasum possible, thus avoiding unwanted fermentations in rumen and reticulum. In this review It is described some anatomical and physiological aspects of the reticular groove, given its embryonic and postnatal development, its topographic location, structure, innervation, blood circulation and histology. Also describing the techniques used to study its functioning, both direct and indirect methods. Finally there is a concentrate on handling techniques to manipulate closing reflex of reticular groove and its veterinary applications, in both the stimulation and inhibition, since the possibility to control this reflex is of great interest in the oral administration of various drugs, the treatment of certain diseases, as well as a better utilization of some types of food.

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The effects of age, weaning, drench volume and yarding on ruminoreticulum bypass in sheep, with reference to the anthelmintic efficacy of benzimidazole drenches

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of route of administration on the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of an experimental formulation of the amino‐acetonitrile derivative monepantel in sheep

Effect of route of administration on the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of an experimental formulation of the amino‐acetonitrile derivative monepantel in sheep

No ‘bypass’ in adult ruminants: Passage of fluid ingested vs. fluid inserted into the rumen in fistulated muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and moose (Alces alces)

Anatomy, physiology, manipulation and veterinary applications of the reticular groove. Review

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