The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Hypertension: Current Consensus and Emerging Research

Pescatello, Linda S.; MacDonald, Hayley V.; Johnson, Blair T.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17076-3_1

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Studies indicate that characteristics of the subjects evaluated and the training variables utilized, such as frequency, intensity, and time, could influence the HPE modulation 31 . In older adults, PEH would seem to be more linked to a reduction in cardiac output.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of resistance exercise order on postexercise hemodynamic measures in middle-aged and older women

Graça

Oliveira

Ribeiro

et al. 2022

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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Aim: to compare the impact of different resistance exercise orders on postexercise hemodynamic measures in resistance-trained nonhypertensive middle-aged and older women. Methods: Twenty-three women (age 50-78 yrs) were randomized into two resistance training (RT) groups: one group started training sessions performing multi-joint exercises followed by single-joint exercises (MS, n = 12; 58.92 ± 5.53 yrs), while the other group performed their sessions in the opposite order (SM, n = 11; 57.93 ± 11.89 yrs). Both groups performed their RT sessions composed of 7 exercises performed in 3 sets of 10-15 repetitions maximum. Blood pressure was measured by automated equipment during pre-training and at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min after the training session. Results: Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) identified an isolated effect of time only for systolic blood pressure (p = 0.003) with statistically significant reductions in pre-session measurement at 60 min post-session in both groups (MS: 117.67 ± 15.89 mmHg vs. 111.25 ± 11.84 mmHg and SM: 118.64 ± 15.13 mmHg vs. 111.50 ± 15.62 mmHg). Regarding diastolic blood pressure and subjective perception of effort, no difference was identified between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that a RT session can promote post-exercise hypotension for systolic blood pressure after 60 min of recovery in middle-aged and nonhypertensive older women regardless of the exercise order.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of resistance exercise order on postexercise hemodynamic measures in middle-aged and older women

Graça

Oliveira

Ribeiro

et al. 2022

Motriz: rev. educ. fis.

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“…Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological strategy that can, directly and indirectly, assist in the treatment of hypertension. Aerobic exercise promotes post-exercise hypotension (PEH), even at low intensity and short duration (Kenney and Seals, 1993;Pascatello et al, 2016). However, the magnitude of this phenomenon is inconsistent among studies following a dynamic resistance exercise session.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exercise modalities on decreased blood pressure in patients with hypertension

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of aerobic and resistance exercises on blood pressure and endothelial blood markers. We also correlated post-exercise blood pressure response with baseline cardiovascular parameters in middle-aged patients with hypertension. This cross-sectional study randomized 54 volunteers into the aerobic exercise group (AG, n = 27; 45.6 ± 7.7 years) or dynamic resistance exercise group (RG, n = 27; 45.8 ± 8.4 years). Blood marker evaluation, cardiopulmonary exercise tests, resting blood pressure monitoring, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), flow-mediated dilatation monitoring, and body composition evaluation were carried out. Exercise sessions were performed to evaluate post-exercise hypotension (PEH) and endothelial marker responses, in addition to post-exercise ABPM (ABPMex). This study is an arm of the study which was approved by the local ethics committee (No. 69373217.3.0000.5347) in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03282942). The AG performed walking/running at 60% of the reserve heart rate, while the RG performed 10 exercises with two sets of 15–20 repetitions. The mean 24 h ABPM and ABPMex values showed no significant statistical differences. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure hypotension after aerobic and dynamic resistance were −10.59 ± 5.24/−6.15 ± 6.41 mmHg and −5.56 ± 7.61/−6.20 ± 8.25 mmHg, respectively. For an up-to-7 h assessment of resting pressure, there was a positive effect in the aerobic group. The concentrations of nitrites/nitrates (NOx) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) did not change during hypotension. Moreover, PEH and ABPMex were significantly correlated with baseline health variables. Thus, when middle-aged patients with hypertension perform aerobic or resistance exercise, the NOx/ET-1 pathway does not provide the best explanation for PEH. Finally, we found associations between baseline cardiovascular variables and endothelial vasoconstrictors with PEH.

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“…Consequently, exercise programs that incorporate vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise have also been recommended for hypertensive individuals [4]. Evidence supports the hypothesis that the chronic reductions in BP from engaging in long-term aerobic exercise programs are largely due to the summative effects of the reductions in BP observed after each bout of aerobic exercise (see [5] for a review).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cycling bouts performed with different intensities and amounts of energy expended on central pressure and pulse wave reflection in normotensive and hypertensive men

Paula¹,

Cunha

Monteiro

et al. 2021

Blood Pressure Monitoring

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Objective: This study investigated pulse wave analysis in normotensive and hypertensive men after cycling bouts with different intensities and amounts of energy expended. Methods: Twenty-four men were assigned into normotensive [n=14; age:40.7±2.8yr; 24-h ambulatory systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP):121±2/74±1mmHg] and hypertensive [n=10; age:39.2±2.3yr; 24-h ambulatory SBP/DBP:139±3/86±2mmHg] groups. Participants undertook a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test, a non-exercise control session (CTL), and three cycling bouts [two prolonged bouts expending 300 kcal at 50% (i.e. P-MOD) and 70% (i.e. P-VIG) oxygen uptake reserve (VO2R) and one short bout expending 150 kcal at 50% VO2R (i.e. S-MOD)] performed in a randomized order. Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), pulse pressure (cPP), augmentation pressure (AP), augmentation index (AIx), heart rate (HR), and AIx adjusted for HR (AIx@75) were determined 10 min before, and 30-and 70-min post-intervention. Results: Compared to CTL, only the P-VIG changed the cSBP [70-min (∆ -11.7mmHg)], cPP [70-min (∆:-7.4mmHg)], AP [30-min (∆:-5.7mmHg); 70-min (∆:-7.3mmHg)], AIx [30-min (∆:-15.3 %); 70-min (∆:-16.4 %)], AIx@75 [30-min (∆:-12.8 %); 70-min (∆:-13.9 %)], and HR [70-min (∆:9.9bpm)] in hypertensive group. However, all exercise bouts mitigated the increased cSBP responses post-CTL in the hypertensive group. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise reduces acute central pressure and pulse wave reflection in hypertensive men.

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The Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Hypertension: Current Consensus and Emerging Research

Cited by 7 publications

References 75 publications

Impact of resistance exercise order on postexercise hemodynamic measures in middle-aged and older women

Impact of resistance exercise order on postexercise hemodynamic measures in middle-aged and older women

Effects of exercise modalities on decreased blood pressure in patients with hypertension

Effects of cycling bouts performed with different intensities and amounts of energy expended on central pressure and pulse wave reflection in normotensive and hypertensive men

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