The effects of acclimation to alternating environmental temperature on metabolic and endocrine responses in guinea pigs, during acute heat and cold exposure

Chowers, I.; Siegel, Richard A.; Conforti, N.; Baranes, L.

doi:10.1007/bf01552967

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The term 'cold-acclimation' is restricted to designate the effects of prolonged exposure to chronic cold, where this is the only factor being changed (Hart, 1960). The development of cold-acclimation requires a period of at least 2 weeks (Himms-Hagen, 1972;Chowers et al, 1977;. During this time, there is a gradual increase in food consumption and an elevation of basal metabolic rate (Baker & Sellars, 1953).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification in vivo of the effects of insulin on glucose utilization in individual tissues of warm- and cold-acclimated rats

Smith¹,

Young²,

Cawthorne³

1986

Biochemical Journal

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Cold-acclimation of rats (3 weeks, 4 degrees C) had no effect on basal rates of glucose production or utilization. Under euglycaemic-clamp conditions, in which the circulating insulin concentration was increased by approx. 50 microunits/ml, cold-acclimated rats showed a greater increase in glucose utilization and a greater suppression of endogenous glucose production. Tissue sites of glucose utilization were investigated by using a tracer dose of 2-deoxy-D-[14C]glucose and a glucose metabolic index determined for each tissue. In 5 h-starved warm-acclimated rats, heart had the highest glucose metabolic index. This was increased further by both cold-acclimation and insulin treatment. The glucose metabolic index of skeletal muscle was 3.5-14-fold lower than that of heart, but, as a result of the large muscle mass, skeletal muscle made the largest contribution to whole-body glucose utilization. White and brown adipose tissue had low glucose metabolic indices in warm-acclimated rats under basal conditions, and the indices were not increased by the insulin treatment. However, cold-acclimation produced a significant increase in the glucose metabolic index of brown adipose tissue, but not of white adipose tissue. In contrast with the warm-acclimated rats, insulin treatment of cold-acclimated rats resulted in a marked increase in the glucose metabolic index of brown adipose tissue. The results provide evidence that cold-acclimation produces a selective alteration in the insulin-sensitivity of brown adipose tissue.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification in vivo of the effects of insulin on glucose utilization in individual tissues of warm- and cold-acclimated rats

Smith¹,

Young²,

Cawthorne³

1986

Biochemical Journal

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show abstract

“…Moreover, negative crossadaptation between heat and cold has been described (FLEISCHNER and SARGENT, II, 1959). However, several studies suggest that cold and heat acclimations are not mutually exclusive and can exist simultaneously in man (DAVIS, 1962 ;GLASER and SHEPHARD, 1963;STEIN et al, 1949), guinea pig (BRUCK et al, 1970;CHOWERS et al, 1977), and rat (ROSSOMAKHIN, 1976). BRUCK et al (1970) demonstrated that guinea pig exposed alternately to warm and cold could tolerate wider core temperatures by means of extending the interthreshold zone in which neither thermoregulatory heat production nor thermoregulatory respiratory heat dissipation was provoked.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%