The Effects of a Transition to Minimalist Shoe Running on Intrinsic Foot Muscle Size

Johnson, A. Wayne; Myrer, J. William; Mitchell, Ulrike H.; Hunter, Iain; Ridge, Sarah T.

doi:10.1055/s-0035-1559685

Cited by 34 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The studies did show promising results in hypertrophy of abductor halluces (Johnson et al 2015), flexor digitorum brevis muscles, abductor digiti minimi and significantly increased longitudinal arch stiffness (Miller et al, 2014). It should be acknowledged that Johnson et al, 2015 documented that pre IFM strength was also a factor in a safe transition to minimal running shoes, with some participants (primarily woman with smaller IFM) developing bone marrow oedema in response to the intervention. Knapik et al, (2016) recently reported that despite impact forces generally being lower in minimally shod shoes that the findings were inconclusive in regard to impact forces, loading and injury rates.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The studies included four randomised control trials (RCTs) (Lynn et al, 2012;Miller et al, 2014;Rathleff et al, 2014;Johnson et al, 2015) and three pre/post-test designs (Hashimoto et al, 2014;Mulligan et al, 2013;Skou et al, 2012).…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In broad terms the eight articles could be grouped into three interventional approach categories: 1. Minimalist running shoe IFM strengthening (Miller et al, 2014., Johnson et al, 2015, 2. IFM foot exercises (Lynn et al, 2012;Mulligan et al, 2013;Hashimoto et al, 2013), and 3.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…USI to measure plantar fascia thickness (Skou et al, 2012;Rathleff et al, 2014) and cross sectional areas of IFM (Johnson et al 2015). MRI was used to measure cross sectional areas of IFM (Miller et al, 2014) and employed by Johnson et al, (2015) to calculate Bone Marrow Oedema scores (BMES), a four point radiology scale (0=no oedema, 1=remodeling, 2=stress reaction , 3=stress fracture, and 4=full fracture). Rathleff et al, (2014) implemented the only subjective measure, the Functional Foot Index (FFI).…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five of the seven studies found evidence of IFM strengthening gains in response to the strengthening interventions (Lynn et al, 2012;Mulligan et al, 2013;Hashimoto et al, 2014;Miller et al, 2014, Johnson et al, 2015.…”

Section: Clinical Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review

Huffer

Hing

Newton

et al. 2017

Physical Therapy in Sport

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Please cite this article as: Huffer, D., Hing, W., Newton, R., Clair, M., Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review, Physical Therapy in Sports (2016Sports ( ), doi: 10.1016Sports ( / j.ptsp.2016 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. The aim was to critically evaluate the literature investigating strength training interventions in the treatment of plantar fasciitis and improving intrinsic foot musculature strength.A search of PubMed, CINHAL, Web of Science, SPORTSDiscus, EBSCO Academic SearchComplete and PEDRO using the search terms plantar fasciitis, strength, strengthening, resistance training, intrinsic flexor foot, resistance training.Seven articles met the eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the modified Downs and Black checklist. All articles showed moderate to high quality, however external validity was low.A comparison of the interventions highlights significant differences in strength training approaches to treating plantar fasciitis and improving intrinsic strength. It was not possible to identify the extent to which strengthening interventions for intrinsic musculature may benefit symptomatic or at risk populations to plantar fasciitis. There is limited external validity that foot exercises, toe flexion against resistance and minimalist running shoes may contribute to improved intrinsic foot musculature function. Despite no plantar fascia thickness changes being observed through high-load plantar fascia resistance training there are indications that it may aid in a reduction of pain and improvements in function.Further research should use standardised outcome measures to assess intrinsic foot musculature strength and plantar fasciitis symptoms.

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review

Huffer

Hing

Newton

et al. 2017

Physical Therapy in Sport

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Use of Cine Loops and Structural Landmarks in Ultrasound Image Processing Improves Reliability and Reduces Error in the Assessment of Foot and Leg Muscles

Johnson

Stoneman

McClung

et al. 2019

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives-Foot and leg muscle strength and size are crucial to proper function. It is important to assess these characteristics reliably. Our primary objective was to compare the measurement of still images to cine loops. The secondary purpose was to determine interoperator and intraoperator reliability between operators of different experience levels using video clips and internal and external landmarks.Methods-Twelve healthy volunteers participated in our study. Internal (navicular tuberosity) and external (lateral leg length at 30% and 50% from the knee joint line) landmarks were used. Two operators each captured and later measured still and cine loop images of selected foot and leg muscles.Results-The 12 participants included 8 male and 4 female volunteers (mean age AE SD, 23.5 AE 1.9 years). Good to excellent intraoperator and interoperator reliability was seen (intraclass correlation coefficient range of 0.946-0.998). The use of cine loops improved the intraclass correlation coefficients for both intraoperator and interoperator reliability (0.5%-4% increases). The use of cine loops decreased the intraoperator standard error of the measurement and limits of agreement of the novice operator (decreases of 45%-73% and 24%-51%, respectively), and these became comparable to those of experienced operators using still images. The interoperator standard errors of the measurement dropped by 42% to 53%, whereas the limits of agreement dropped by 27% to 40%. No substantial changes were noted in the tibialis anterior across reliability metrics.Conclusions-Improved protocols that take advantage of using internal bony landmarks and cine loops during both the image-gathering and measurement processes improve the reliability of research examining muscle size changes in the lower leg or foot associated with muscle changes due to exercise, injury, disuse, or disease.

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Ultrasound Imaging Is Reliable for Tibialis Posterior Size Measurements

Johnson

Bruening

Violette

et al. 2020

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives-The tibialis posterior (TP) is a vital muscle for controlling the medial longitudinal arch of the foot during weight-bearing activities. Dysfunction of this muscle is associated with a variety of pathologic conditions; thus, it is important to reliably assess its morphologic characteristics. Ultrasound (US) has been used to assess characteristics of TP tendons but not the muscle crosssectional area (CSA). The purpose of this study was to establish a reliable US technique to measure the TP CSA and thickness. Methods-Twenty-three healthy volunteers participated. We evaluated the CSA and thickness at 4 measurement locations (anterior and posterior views at both 30% and 50% of the shank length). Results-The participants included 12 female and 11 male volunteers (mean age AE SD, 31.23 AE 14.93 years). Excellent reliability was seen for the CSA and thickness at all locations (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.988-0.998). Limits of agreement (LoA) and standard errors of the measurement (SEMs) were slightly lower at the 30% locations

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The Effects of a Transition to Minimalist Shoe Running on Intrinsic Foot Muscle Size

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review

Strength training for plantar fasciitis and the intrinsic foot musculature: A systematic review

Use of Cine Loops and Structural Landmarks in Ultrasound Image Processing Improves Reliability and Reduces Error in the Assessment of Foot and Leg Muscles

Ultrasound Imaging Is Reliable for Tibialis Posterior Size Measurements

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