The effects of a multiple treatment program and maintenance procedures on smoking cessation

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy of a multiple treatment smoking cessation program and three maintenance strategies. Phase I of the study involved 51 subjects who participated in a 5-day smoking cessation project. The program consisted of lectures, demonstrations, practice exercises, aversive smoking, and the teaching of self-control procedures. In Phase II, all subjects were randomly assigned to one of three maintenance conditions: a 4-week support group which offered an opportunity to discuss feelings and thoughts, a 4-week telephone contact system which enabled group members to call one another, and a no-contact control group. To evaluate efficacy, extensive follow-up data were collected at the end of treatment and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months post-treatment. The treatment program was extremely effective; 100% of the subjects were abstinent at the end of treatment, and at 1 year posttreatment, 63% of the subjects reported total abstinence. As to sex differences, at the l-year period 66% of the women and 59% of the men were ex-smokers. Recidivists reported a smoking rate that was 52% of baseline at the &month follow-up. At 2 months post-treatment, 40% of the abstainers reported that the quitting experience was easy, and subjects reported an average weight gain of only 4.69 lb. The authors offer suggestions for future smoking cessation research based upon the promising findings of this study.

Relapse prevention in UK Stop Smoking Services: current practice, systematic reviews of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness analysis.

“…31,[34][35][36][37][38][39]63,67,69,72,[78][79][80]84,[86][87][88][89] urinary or saliva cotinine (six trials), 65,68,70,71,75,81 or saliva thiocyanate (one trial) 40 and nine trials 41,64,66,73,74,76,77,82,85 presented self-reported abstinence only. All studies used a parallel group design except one which was cluster randomised; 41 however, any dependency in the data due to clustering was found to be negligible and, therefore, this study was analysed with the others.…”

“…There were 14 studies in this category 41,[76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88] and Table 5 summarises these.…”

“…Two studies involved military recruits 41,82 and eight studies community volunteers, [76][77][78][79]84,85,87,88 two trials were conducted in hospital in-patients 80,81 and two were conducted in the workplace; 83,86 two studies were conducted in women only. 41,79 We have divided studies in this section according to three types of participant: unaided abstinent smokers (five studies); [76][77][78]80,81 aided abstinent smokers (seven studies in which participants had achieved abstinence with support from a formal smoking cessation programme); 79,[83][84][85][86][87][88] and individuals undergoing enforced abstinence (two studies).…”

“…41,79 We have divided studies in this section according to three types of participant: unaided abstinent smokers (five studies); [76][77][78]80,81 aided abstinent smokers (seven studies in which participants had achieved abstinence with support from a formal smoking cessation programme); 79,[83][84][85][86][87][88] and individuals undergoing enforced abstinence (two studies). 41,82 The length of abstinence prior to randomisation in trials of unaided abstinent smokers ranged from 1 week to 1 month.…”

“…Of these seven studies, 79,[83][84][85][86][87][88] four investigated behavioural counselling delivered to groups, [85][86][87][88] one 84 studied the effect of telephone call content, one 83 compared proactive telephone counselling to workplace group counselling and another 79 examined the effect of individual behavioural counselling.…”