The Effects of a Movement-to-Music (M2M) Intervention on Physical and Psychosocial Outcomes in People Poststroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of a 12-week movement-to-music (M2M) intervention on physical and psychosocial outcomes in people poststroke. Design Two-arm randomized controlled trial. Setting A community-based fitness facility. Participants Participants (N=47) with stroke between 18 and 65 years old were randomized to M2M (n=23) or waitlist control (n=24). Interventions Participants in M2M completed 3 60-minute exercise sessions per week for 12 weeks. Controls received biweekly educational newsletters via mail. Main Outcome Measures Primary outcomes included Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT, in meters), Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST, in seconds) and Timed Up and Go (TUG, in seconds). Secondary outcomes were self-reported measures using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Fatigue and Pain Interference Short Form 8a. Outcomes were collected at baseline and postintervention. Analyses involved descriptive statistics and adjusted linear mixed models. Results Mixed models adjusted for the respective baseline values and demographic variables showed that M2M participants had longer 6MWT distance (least square mean difference [LSM], 14.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], −12.9 to 42.0), more FTSST time (LSM, 2.0; 95% CI, −4.5 to 8.5), and less fatigue (LSM, −3.0; 95% CI, −7.2 to 1.2) compared with controls postintervention. When controlling for baseline TUG and demographic variables, there was a larger increase in 6MWT distance (LSM, 37.9; 95% CI, −22.7 to 98.6), lower FTSST time (LSM, −6.1; 95% CI, −18.5 to 6.2), and decrease in fatigue (LSM, −6.5; 95% CI, −13.1 to 0.2) in the M2M group compared with controls. Moderate effect sizes were observed for improving 6MWT ( d =0.6), FTSST ( d =−0.6), and fatigue ( d =−0.6). There was no group difference in change in TUG time and pain interference, with trivial effect sizes ( d =−0.1). Conclusion M2M may be a valuable exercise form for adults with stroke. Future studies are needed to determine optimal exercise doses for improving health and function in this population.

How do people with physical/mobility disabilities benefit from a telehealth exercise program? A qualitative analysis

“…For PWD, reducing secondary health conditions, such as pain and fatigue, is a priority for improving overall health, and several participants stated this as a benefit they received from the program. These benefits are similar to those found in onsite M2M-based programs (22,23).…”

Telehealth Movement-to-Music to Increase Physical Activity Participation Among Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

“…Regarding program adherence, we deemed an overall adherence rate of 69% to be acceptable. This determination was based on evidence that adherence rates between 50% and 69% to an on-site 12-week M2M program resulted in improved functional mobility among adults with physical disabilities [ 30 , 54 ]. Nevertheless, adherence was strong during the first 2 weeks of the program and declined gradually throughout weeks 3 and 4.…”

Telehealth Movement-to-Music With Arm-Based Sprint-Intensity Interval Training to Improve Cardiometabolic Health and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

“…The SIT intervention was adapted from a clinical adult exercise program, referred to as movement-to-music [ 84 ]. The program originated from a clinical efficacy trial that demonstrated improvements in lower extremity function and fatigue among adults with mobility disabilities [ 84 ]. The success of movement-to-music led to its implementation in larger confirmatory trials among adults with disabilities [ 85 - 87 ].…”