The Effects of a 15-Week Exercise Intervention on Fitness and Postural Control in Older Adults

Ray, Christopher; Melton, Forest; Ramírez, Raúl Ramírez; Keller, David

doi:10.1080/01924788.2012.696236

Cited by 14 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…All but one publication described the exergames used, whereby the author was contacted and failed to respond. Some, but not all exergames were described in that publication [26]. Table 2 presents the characteristics of equipment and exergames used in the interventions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movements of older adults during exergaming interventions that are associated with the Systems Framework for Postural Control: A systematic review

et al. 2018

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One in three older adults fall annually, in part due to impairments in the physiological systems that make up the postural control (PC) system. Exercise, particularly balance training, helps to prevent deterioration and even to improve outcomes in the PC system. Exergaming (exercise-gaming) is interactive computer gaming whereby an individual moves the body in response to onscreen cues in a playful format. Exergaming is an alternative method to standard practice for improving PC outcomes, which has been shown to reduce the risk of falling. Exergaming has received research attention, yet the intervention is still in its infancy. There could be benefit in exploring the movements trained with respect to a framework known for identifying underlying deficits in the PC system, the Systems Framework for Postural Control (SFPC). This may help target areas for improvement in balance training using exergames and shed light on the impact for fall prevention. A literature search was therefore conducted across six databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, ISI, SPORTdiscus and Science Direct) using a range of search terms and combinations relating to exergaming, balance, exercise, falls and elderly. Quality assessment was conducted using the PEDro Scale and a custom-made quality assessment tool. Movements were rated by two reviewers based on the 9 operational definitions of the SFPC. Eighteen publications were included in the analysis, with a mean PEDro score of 5.6 (1.5). Overall, 4.99 (1.27) of the 9 operational definitions of the SFPC are trained in exergaming interventions. Exergaming does encourage individuals to stand up (3), lean while standing (4), move upper limbs and turn heads (6) and dual-task while standing (9), to some extent move the body forwards, backwards and sideways (1), and coordinate movements (2) but hardly at all to kick, hop, jump or walk (7), or to force a postural reaction from a physical force to the individual (5) and it does not mimic actual changes in sensory context (8). This is the first review, to our knowledge, that synthesises the literature on movements trained in exergaming interventions with respect to an established theoretical framework for PC. This review could provide useful information for designing exergames with PC outcomes in mind, which could help target specific exergames for multi-factorial training to overcome balance deficits. Some elements of PC are too unsafe to be trained using exergames, such as restricting sensory inputs or applying physical perturbations to an individual to elicit postural responses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movements of older adults during exergaming interventions that are associated with the Systems Framework for Postural Control: A systematic review

et al. 2018

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“…Of the 29 studies that used a RCT or pre-posttest design, 21 studies included an exercise control intervention (9,13,32,33,38,43,44,47,49,53,55,57,60,64,65,67,69,72,73,80,81). The methodological quality of these 21 studies according to the PEDro classification scale is presented in Table 6.…”

Section: Methodological Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary aim of the reviewed studies was to evaluate the potential effect of gaming/VR exercise on balance, either alone (9,12,(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46), in combination with other physical abilities such as strength or mobility (11,13,(47)(48)(49)(50)(51), or in combination with falls or fear of falling, cognition, quality of life, or user experience (52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62). Seven studies investigated the effect of gaming/VR exercise on gait parameters (63)(64)(65)(66)(67)(68)(69), and six studies examined the effectiveness with regard to different physical functions and associated fall risk (10,(70)(71)(72)…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The progression varied from increasing exercise duration (45,77) (53,69,72), and/or manipulating speed, orientation, size, frequency or shape of obstacles on the screen (33, 45, 59, 60, 63-68, 76, 78). Two studies reported not having any form of progression during the intervention (56,86), while the remaining twenty-six studies did not report whether progression mechanisms were implemented during the intervention.…”

Section: Exercise Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six of the included studies did not report the number of participants that completed the study (36,38,51,53,54,69 …”

Section: Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise and rehabilitation delivered through exergames in older adults: An integrative review of technologies, safety and efficacy

Skjæret

Nawaz

Morat

et al. 2016

International Journal of Medical Informatics

281

202

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Background: There has been a rapid increase in research on the use of virtual reality (VR) and gaming technology as a complementary tool in exercise and rehabilitation in the elderly population. Although a few recent studies have evaluated their efficacy, there is currently no in-depth description and discussion of different game technologies, physical functions targeted, and safety issues related to older adults playing exergames. Objectives: This integrative review provides an overview of the technologies and games used, progression, safety measurements and associated adverse events, adherence to exergaming, outcome measures used, and their effect on physical function. Methods: We undertook systematic searches of SCOPUS and PubMed databases. Key search terms included "game", "exercise", and "aged", and were adapted to each database. To be included, studies had to involve older adults aged 65 years or above, have a pre-post training or intervention design, include ICT-implemented games with weight-bearing exercises, and have outcome measures that included physical activity variables and/or clinical tests of physical function. Results: Sixty studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The studies had a broad range of aims and intervention designs and mostly focused on community-dwelling healthy older adults. The majority of the studies used commercially available gaming technologies that targeted a number of different physical functions. Most studies reported that they had used some form of safety measure during intervention. None of the studies reported serious adverse events. However, only 21 studies (35%) reported on whether adverse events occurred. Twenty-four studies reported on adherence, but only seven studies (12%) compared adherence to exergaming with other forms of exercise. Clinical measures of balance were the most frequently used outcome measures. PEDro scores indicated that most studies had several methodological problems, with only 4 studies fulfilling 6 or more criteria out of 10. Several studies found positive effects of exergaming on balance and gait, while none reported negative effects. 2 function in older adults, with few reported adverse events. As there is large variability between studies in terms of intervention protocols and outcome measures, as well as several methodological limitations, recommendations for both practice and further research are provided in order to successfully establish exergames as an exercise and rehabilitation tool for older adults.

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Feasibility, Acceptability and Effects of a Home-Based Exercise Program Using a Gerontechnology on Physical Capacities After a Minor Injury in Community-Living Older Adults: A Pilot Study

Lauzé

Martel

Agnoux

et al. 2018

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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The Effects of a 15-Week Exercise Intervention on Fitness and Postural Control in Older Adults

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Movements of older adults during exergaming interventions that are associated with the Systems Framework for Postural Control: A systematic review

Movements of older adults during exergaming interventions that are associated with the Systems Framework for Postural Control: A systematic review

Exercise and rehabilitation delivered through exergames in older adults: An integrative review of technologies, safety and efficacy

Feasibility, Acceptability and Effects of a Home-Based Exercise Program Using a Gerontechnology on Physical Capacities After a Minor Injury in Community-Living Older Adults: A Pilot Study

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