The Effects of 3% Diquafosol Sodium Eye Drops on Tear Function and the Ocular Surface of Cu, Zn-Superoxide Dismutase-1 (Sod1) Knockout Mice Treated with Antiglaucoma Eye Medications

Abstract

Anti-glaucoma eye drop treatment often induces dry eyes and can lead to poor medication adherence. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops on tear function and the ocular surface epithelium in Sod1−/− mice after treatment with anti-glaucoma eye drops. The mice were divided into four groups: group 1, control group; group 2, anti-glaucoma eye drop; group 3, anti-glaucoma eye drops followed by a secretagogue eye drop (3% diquafosol); and group 4, simultaneous anti-glaucoma and secretagogue eye drop. Mice underwent assessments of tear quantity, tear film breakup time, and vital staining score. Mice in groups 3 and 4 showed significantly better tear stability and lower corneal staining scores than mice in group 2 after eye drop instillations (p < 0.05). Mice in group 4 showed significantly better tear stability, lower corneal staining scores, and higher goblet cell densities than those in group 1 after eye drop instillations (p < 0.05). The conjunctival epithelium showed stratification and abundance of Muc5AC-positive goblet cells in group 4, whereas thinning with desquamation was observed with a few goblet cells in group 2. Thus, simultaneous administration of 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops with topical anti-glaucoma drops showed favorable effects on tear stability and the corneal epithelium against the ocular surface toxicity inflicted by the anti-glaucoma eye drops.

The Effect of High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid and Latanoprost Eyedrops on Tear Functions and Ocular Surface Status in C57/BL6 Mice

“…The approach to GROSD also entails prescribing non-preserved lubricants, anti-inflammatory agents such as cyclosporine and lifitegrast, autologous serum eye drops, the insertion of punctal plugs, or switching to surgical alternatives [ 13 ]. A previous study by us found better tear stability, lesser ocular surface epithelial damage, and higher goblet cell densities when 3% diquafosol sodium (mucin and water secretagogue) eye drops were started at the time of the commencement of anti-glaucoma eye drops [ 14 ]. In this ocular surface health assessment study, we aimed to study the short-term intraocular pressure and ocular surface alterations of a new formulation harboring a high molecular weight hyaluronic acid and Latanoprost in WT mice, comparing the results with mice receiving solitary non-preserved commercial LP and mice receiving no treatment.…”

“…The current approach for managing such ocular surface disorders involves the use of non-preserved anti-glaucoma eye drops, as well as the addition of non-preserved artificial tears or lubricants, including hyaluronic acid eye drops or mucin secretagogues such as diquafosol sodium or rebamipide eye drops, into the treatment regimen. Other modalities of management include the use of topical anti-inflammatory agents such as cyclosporine and lifitegrast, autologous serum eye drops, or the insertion of punctal plugs [ 13 , 14 ]. The use of new and novel drugs, agents, or delivery systems is very much needed to alleviate the ocular surface problems associated with antiglaucoma drops.…”

A Novel Murine Model for Lupus-Like Ocular Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease

“…Corneal fluorescein staining was used to assess the extent of corneal epithelial defects. 42 Then, 2 µL of 2.5% fluorescein sodium dissolved in normal saline was dropped into the conjunctival sac of the mice and any excess sodium fluorescein was carefully absorbed using cotton swabs before photography. Then, the corneas were observed and photographed using a slit-lamp biomicroscope under cobalt blue light.…”

Protocol for a parallel assignment prospective, randomised, comparative trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with 3% diquafosol (DQS) ophthalmic solution in dry eye syndrome

“…It also improves the tear film composition and stability 12–14. It has a corneal epithelial-repairing effect and can be used to treat ocular surface damage caused by dry eye 5 15 16. By targeting the inflammation involved in the pathogenesis of dry eye, it can inhibit the expression of inflammatory pathways and inflammatory factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of dry eye 17–19.…”