The effects of 18 months of intermittent vs continuous exercise on aerobic capacity, body weight and composition, and metabolic fitness in previously sedentary, moderately obese females

Donnelly, Joseph E.; Jacobsen, D. J.; Heelan, Kate A.; Seip, Richard L.; Smith, Steven R.

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801198

Cited by 158 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…25 Indeed, the intensity of the test should be carefully tailored to not overwork the cardiocirculatory system, and constant electrocardiographic monitoring as was performed in this study is advised, because structural distortions of the myocardial muscle and heart vessels are not uncommon in this population. [27][28][29] In the present series, no side effects of the modified Bruce test were noticed, and all patients tolerated the exercise very well, despite their substantially altered body composition. Highrisk subjects with arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure, myocardial ischemia, or respiratory insufficiency were obviously eliminated due to the exclusion criteria and thorough preliminary assessment, and subjects were instructed to run only as long as they felt comfortable, avoiding any strenuous efforts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Pulmonary function and aerobic capacity in asymptomatic bariatric candidates with very severe morbid obesity

et al. 2004

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PURPOSE:Aerobic capacity and respiratory function may be compromised in obesity, but few studies have been done in highly obese bariatric candidates. In a prospective study, these variables were documented in the preoperative period, aiming to define possible physiologic limitations in a apparently healthy and asymptomatic population.METHOD: Forty-six consecutively enrolled adults (age 39.6 ± 8.4 years, 87.0% females, body mass index /BMI 49.6 ± 6.3 kg/m 2 ) were analyzed. Ventilatory variables were investigated by automated spirometry, aerobic capacity was estimated by a modified Bruce test in an ergometric treadmill, and body composition was determined by bioimpedance analysis.RESULTS: Total fat was greatly increased (46.4 ± 4.6% of body weight) and body water reduced (47.3 ± 4.6 % body weight), as expected for such obese group. Spirometric findings including forced vital capacity of 3.3 ± 0.8 L and forced expiratory volume-1 second of 2.6 ± 0.6 L were usually acceptable for age and gender, but mild restrictive pulmonary insufficiency was diagnosed in 20.9%. Aerobic capacity was more markedly diminished, as reflected by very modest maximal time (4.5 ± 1.1 min) and distance (322 ±142 m) along with proportionally elevated maximal oxygen consumption (23.4 ± 9.5 mL/kg/min) achieved by these subjects during test exercise.CONCLUSIONS: 1) Cardiopulmonary evaluation was feasible and well-tolerated in this severely obese population; 2) Mean spirometric variables were not diminished in this study, but part of the population displayed mild restrictive changes; 3) Exercise tolerance was very negatively influenced by obesity, resulting in reduced endurance and excessive metabolic cost for the treadmill run; 4) More attention to fitness and aerobic capacity is recommended for seriously obese bariatric candidates;

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…17,18 Although few specific references to bariatric candidates could be identified in the literature, it is reasonable to propose that more encouraging outcomes would be elicited if progressive physical conditioning were offered to this population jointly with surgical therapy. [26][27][28][29][30] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary function and aerobic capacity in asymptomatic bariatric candidates with very severe morbid obesity

et al. 2004

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“…Long term studies examining exercise and EI which have monitored EI for between 16 weeks and 18 months in overweight men and women have also demonstrated no significant change in EI across the intervention [29][30][31]. However, the exercise sessions are typically unsupervised and the energy expended low, which may explain the lack of compensation.…”

Section: Exercise and Appetite Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity, Energy Intake, and Obesity: The Links Between Exercise and Appetite

et al. 2013

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Overweight and obesity are often theorized using the energy balance equation. When energy intake (EI) is greater than energy expended this creates a positive energy balance and leads to weight gain, conversely when energy expenditure (EE) exceeds EI this creates a negative energy balance and weight loss. Physiologists have been examining the relationship between EE and EI since the 1950s. Total daily EE is comprised of two main components; resting metabolic rate (RMR) and physical activity (PA). This review will examine and report the relationships between both major components of EE and EI, and therefore the impact of PA on body weight. The relationship between energy expended through PA and EI appears to be weak, especially within one day and over longer periods in overweight and obese adults. However, recent data have demonstrated a strong relationship between RMR, hunger and food intake. The differences observed in the relationships between PA EE and EI and metabolic EE and EI are not surprising. EE from PA is highly variable and episodic whereas EE from RMR is very stable and tonic. These new data provide evidence for a fundamental link between EE and EI.

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“…In the end, sixteen randomized controlled trails "RCTs" were identified that fulfilled the criteria described above, three of which were identical and therefore eliminated. Thus the meta-analysis includes a total of thirteen studies [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] (Fig. 1). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Exercise, Diet, and a Combination of Exercise and Diet in Overweight and Obese Adults - A Meta-Analysis of the Data~!2009-06-21~!2010-01-05~!2010-03-11~!

Schaar¹,

Moos-Thiele²,

Platen³

2010

TOSMJ

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Abstract:The objective of the following meta-analysis was to determine what kind of treatment, or combination of treatments, has the greatest effect on weight loss in overweight and obese adults.A systematic search was conducted of the available literature published between 1993 and 2006 that covered randomized controlled trials on overweight and obese subjects who underwent treatment consisting of physical exercise and/ or changes in diet. The scope of the search thus incorporated seven relevant databases.Using 6,545 key word combinations, the electronic search yielded a total of 36,869 abstracts. 13 relevant studies with a total of 826 subjects (BMI > 25; 17 -68 years of age) met the meta-analysis criteria. The courses of treatment included "diet (d)", "physical exercise (pe)", "diet and physical exercise (dpe)", and "no intervention (ni)". The results confirmed the hypothesis that the combined intervention "dpe" had the greatest effect with regard to weight loss. The single treatments "pe" and "d" also led to weight loss, with "d" having a significantly greater effect than "pe".The main reason for the small sample size of thirteen studies out of 36,819 was that the experimental design and/or procedures of most studies were inadequate. A common error was a failure to assign subjects randomly to the different treatment groups. The results of our meta-analysis indicate that a combination of diet and physical exercise is the best form of treatment to induce weight loss in overweight individuals in the first weeks, followed by physical exercise to maintain weight loss.

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The effects of 18 months of intermittent vs continuous exercise on aerobic capacity, body weight and composition, and metabolic fitness in previously sedentary, moderately obese females

Cited by 158 publications

References 33 publications

Pulmonary function and aerobic capacity in asymptomatic bariatric candidates with very severe morbid obesity

Pulmonary function and aerobic capacity in asymptomatic bariatric candidates with very severe morbid obesity

Physical Activity, Energy Intake, and Obesity: The Links Between Exercise and Appetite

Effects of Exercise, Diet, and a Combination of Exercise and Diet in Overweight and Obese Adults - A Meta-Analysis of the Data~!2009-06-21~!2010-01-05~!2010-03-11~!

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