The Effectiveness of Traffic Policing in Reducing Traffic Crashes

Bates, Lyndel; Soole, David W.; Watson, Barry C.

doi:10.1057/9781137007780_6

Cited by 46 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This finding coincides with earlier research that has suggested that there is no guarantee that drivers’ judgment of a driving situation is adequate to minimize crash risk (Huth & Brusque, ; Kircher & Ahlstrom, ). Knowing that drivers are deterred by the presence of police enforcement supports the implementation of high‐visibility enforcement programs to combat distracted driving (Bates, Soole, & Watson, ). This research also shows that drivers prefer to use their phone when the traffic conditions are less demanding, as has been noticed in previous research, e.g., stopped at red lights (Kidd, Tison, Chaudhary, McCartt, & Casanova‐Powell, ) or slow moving traffic (Gauld et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed by Bates et al. (), the unpredictability of enforcement is necessary to foster a general deterrence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Police enforcement programs need to consider this unintended potential consequence and should not prioritize the less complex traffic conditions while targeting distracted drivers. As discussed by Bates et al (2012), the unpredictability of enforcement is necessary to foster a general deterrence.…”

Section: Attitudes and Beliefsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Should I Text or Call Here? A Situation‐Based Analysis of Drivers’ Perceived Likelihood of Engaging in Mobile Phone Multitasking

et al. 2018

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This study investigated how situational characteristics typically encountered in the transport system influence drivers' perceived likelihood of engaging in mobile phone multitasking. The impacts of mobile phone tasks, perceived environmental complexity/risk, and drivers' individual differences were evaluated as relevant individual predictors within the behavioral adaptation framework. An innovative questionnaire, which includes randomized textual and visual scenarios, was administered to collect data from a sample of 447 drivers in South East Queensland-Australia (66% females; n = 296). The likelihood of engaging in a mobile phone task across various scenarios was modeled by a random parameters ordered probit model. Results indicated that drivers who are female, are frequent users of phones for texting/answering calls, have less favorable attitudes towards safety, and are highly disinhibited were more likely to report stronger intentions of engaging in mobile phone multitasking. However, more years with a valid driving license, self-efficacy toward self-regulation in demanding traffic conditions and police enforcement, texting tasks, and demanding traffic conditions were negatively related to self-reported likelihood of mobile phone multitasking. The unobserved heterogeneity warned of riskier groups among female drivers and participants who need a lot of convincing to believe that multitasking while driving is dangerous. This research concludes that behavioral adaptation theory is a robust framework explaining self-regulation of distracted drivers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed by Bates et al. (), the unpredictability of enforcement is necessary to foster a general deterrence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Should I Text or Call Here? A Situation‐Based Analysis of Drivers’ Perceived Likelihood of Engaging in Mobile Phone Multitasking

et al. 2018

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“…The assumption is that when the expected punishment is more painful than the pleasure or reward of the crime, then the punishment exhibits severity. The more likely that punishment is to follow a criminal act, the less likely the criminal act will recur (Bates, Soole, & Watson, 2012;Freeman & Watson, 2006;O'Connell, Visher, Martin, Parker, & Brent, 2011;Robinson, 2010).…”

Section: Elements Of Deterrence Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of traffic law enforcement is increased when it is supported by widespread public education (Bates et al, 2012). Road safety education highlighting excessive alcohol use among road users will impact positively on crash decline because alcohol use is interwoven into other risk factors for road traffic crashes.…”

Section: Implications For Road Safety Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Alcohol Use among Road Users and Its Impact on Traffic Crash Severity in Ghana

Derry¹

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This program of research, which was guided by Haddon's Matrix and deterrence theory conceptual frameworks, essentially had five core objectives. These objectives were examined through five independent studies. The studies were broadly interwoven to clarify understanding in three broad thematic areas relating to the impact of alcohol use on road traffic crashes in Northern Ghana: (a) general behaviour (i.e., knowledge, attitudes and practices) regarding alcohol impairment as a risk factor for ii Alcohol Use and Traffic Crash Severity in Ghana road users, (b) police reported alcohol and illicit drug use and the relative risk of road traffic crashes, and (c) the impact of alcohol use on road traffic injury severity.Study 1 (Chapter 5) primarily aimed to determine knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding alcohol drinking and driving in three cities in Ghana. The study was a survey conducted at washing bays, lorry terminals and fuel stations. Study 1 established that 24% of all motorists and 54% of motorists who were current alcohol users reported having driven within an hour after consuming alcohol. Current alcohol users typically consume four standard drinks per drinking occasion. Further, participants who were current alcohol users were significantly more likely to be arrested for traffic violations compared with non-alcohol users. It was apparent that enforcement of drink-driving law and motorists' knowledge of the BAC law were low.

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Red light camera interventions for reducing traffic violations and traffic crashes: A systematic review

Cohn

Kakar

Perkins

et al. 2020

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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Background Road traffic crashes are a major and increasing cause of injury and death around the world. In 2015, there were almost 6.3 million motor vehicle traffic crashes in the United States. Of these, approximately 1.7 million (27%) involved some form of injury and 32,166 (0.5%) resulted in one or more fatalities (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2016, Traffic Safety Facts 2013: A Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System and the General Estimates System). The most common cause of urban crashes appears to be drivers running red lights or ignoring other traffic controls and injuries occur in 39% of all of these types of crashes (Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, IIHS, 2018, Red light running). While many drivers obey traffic signals, the possibility for violations exists due to issues such as driver distraction, aggressive driving behaviors, or a deliberate decision to ignore the traffic signal. One researcher suggests that eliminating traffic violations could reduce road injury crashes by up to 40% (Zaal, 1994, Traffic law enforcement: A review of the literature). Red light cameras (RLCs) are an enforcement mechanism that permit police to remotely enforce traffic signals; they may serve as a deterrent to drivers who intentionally engage in red light running (RLR). The one previous systematic review of RLCs found that they were effective in reducing total casualty crashes but also found that evidence on the effectiveness of cameras on red light violations, total crashes, or specific types of casualty crashes was inconclusive. However, this review searched only a small number of electronic databases and was limited to a handful of studies published in 2002 or earlier. Objectives This report updates and expands upon the previous Cochrane systematic review of RLCs. The aim of this review is to systematically review and synthesize the available evidence on the effectiveness of RLCs on the incidence of red light violations and the incidence and severity of various types of traffic crashes. Search Methods This study uses a four‐part search strategy that involves: (a) searching 27 online electronic bibliographic databases for published and unpublished evaluations of RLCs; (b) searching the websites of 46 international institutes and research agencies focusing on transportation issues for reports and other gray literature; (c) searching the reference lists of published studies to identify additional published and unpublished works; and (d) conducting a keyword search using Google and Google Scholar to search for additional gray literature. Selection Criteria The criteria for inclusion were determined before the search process began. To be eligible, studies must have assessed the impact of RLCs on red light violations and/or traffic crashes. Studies must have employed a quantitative research design that involved randomized controlled trials, quasi‐random controlled trials, a controlled before‐after design, or a controlled interrupted time series. Re...

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The Effectiveness of Traffic Policing in Reducing Traffic Crashes

Cited by 46 publications

References 38 publications

Should I Text or Call Here? A Situation‐Based Analysis of Drivers’ Perceived Likelihood of Engaging in Mobile Phone Multitasking

Should I Text or Call Here? A Situation‐Based Analysis of Drivers’ Perceived Likelihood of Engaging in Mobile Phone Multitasking

The Prevalence of Alcohol Use among Road Users and Its Impact on Traffic Crash Severity in Ghana

Red light camera interventions for reducing traffic violations and traffic crashes: A systematic review

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