The effectiveness of the scheme for the use of a new biological product “Kartofin” based on Bacillus subtilis in growing potatoes

Abstract

In field experiments, five schemes of using drugs of different spectra of action were tested in order to reduce the chemical load on the potato biocenosis. Insufficient efficiency of using only biologicals in protecting potatoes from diseases is quite natural. Its use should be combined with chemical pesticides, reducing the number of chemical treatments, but not reducing the effectiveness in combating diseases and crop yields. The study of the effect of the biological product Kartofin as a disinfectant of potato tubers and a fungicide for the treatment of vegetative plants in comparison with the chemical preparations Emesto Quantum and Consento, the alternation of the biological product and chemical fungicides on the economic indicators of the Sante variety. According to the results of twoyear testing it was revealed that the biological product Kartofin and chemical preparations do not cause negative effect on the growth qualities of potatoes and on its immunity. The use of the biological product contributed to a decrease in the development and spread of rhizoctoniosis and alternaria, while being inferior in effectiveness to chemical drugs. Against the causative agent of late blight, the use of the biological product Kartofin was ineffective. At the same time, replacing one treatment with Kartofin during the period of closing the tops in rows for the Consento treatment enabled to reduce the degree of development of the disease by 2 times until the middle of the growing season. The use of the chemical fungicide Consento enabled to protect plants from late blight by the end of the growing season with an efficiency of up to 54.2%. The use of the biological product Kartofin during the growing season enabled to increase the yield by 6.8-7.9% (1.2-1.4 t / ha) compared to the control. The replacement of one treatment with Potato for the Consento treatment increased the yield by 14.1-16.9% (2.5-2.9 t / ha). The use of the chemical dressing agent Emesto Quantum followed by the processing of Consento plants increased the yield by 18.9% (3.3 t / ha). The treatment of seed tubers with Potato helped to obtain a crop free from rhizoctonia. Thus, the use of Kartofin as a disinfectant and fungicide for treatments during the growing season with the replacement of one treatment with Consento during the closing of the tops in a row increases the yield of standard products by 20.1%.