A N D NEIL W. CHAMBERLAIN'S recent retirement from Columbia University provides an opportunity to assess the work of a leading American scholar. Though he is most closely identified with the field of industrial relations, his interests and published works are wideranging. Judging the output of so prolific a scholar is a formidable task. To make this task manageable, we have chosen to focus on Chamberlain's writings in three areas: industrial relations, industrial organisation and the theory of the firm, and the role of corporate management in society. These are dealt with sequentially below. In the last portion of the paper, we attempt a synthesis of the assessments in order to reach an overall judgment concerning the intellectual contributions of Chamberlain's scholarly work.
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONSEven within this single field, Chamberlain's writings are voluminous so that, here too, only a selective assessment of his scholarship can be attempted. In particular, we will analyse Chamberlain's work on bargaining power, the impact of the union on management, and the nature of the management function. It should be clear that space constraints, rather than disinterest, prevent us from examining Chamberlain's writings on the bargaining unit, strikes, union politics, grievance procedures, and the labour agreement.Further, the choice of certain areas of industrial relations for analysis does not stem from a belief on our part that Chamberlain's work in each of them has had an equally large impact on the field. To the contrary, and as will be detailed in the following sections, we judge the impact on industrial relations theory and research of Chamberlain's work on bargaining power to be substantial, the impact of the work on the union penetration into management to be modest, and the impact of the work on the management function to be negligible. We also believe, however, that there are significant aspects of Chamberlain's research in these three areas, especially the second and third areas, which have been largely overlooked by industrial relations scholars. If this assessment is correct-which is to say, if it is shared by readers-then perhaps some scholars will be motivated to re-examine certain of Chamberlain's works, with a view toward advancing the state of industrial relations theory and research.
Bargaining PowerMost industrial relations scholars would probably concur in the judgment that Chamberlain's principal contribution to the field lies in his analysis of bargaining power. The simplest definition of bargaining power offered by Chamberlain (1958) is '...the ability to secure another's agreement on one's own terms'. However, this concept is more complex, as the following passage indicates (Chamberlain, 1951):We may define bargaining power (of A, let us say) as being the cost to B of dbagreeing on A s terms relative to the costs of agreeing on A's terms ... Stated in another way, a (relatively) * Professors of Business, Columbia University 143 144 BRITISH JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS high cost to B of disagre...