The effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizing in the cultivation of winter wheat

Abstract

The development of the grain industry determines the food security level in Russia. Grain is a food product for humans, animal feed, raw material for industries. The research was carried out in 2018-2019 in the Samara region conditions. The research purpose is to determine the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizing in the winter wheat cultivation. The research tasks included: - to identify the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the winter wheat yield; - to calculate the economic efficiency of using nitrogen fertilizers for winter wheat. As a result of the studies, it was found that in the variant without the use of nitrogen fertilization, the yield of winter wheat was 21.8 cwt/ha and was the lowest. In variants with the top-dressing use, the yield varied from 22.7 cwt/ha, when used as top-dressing of ammonium nitrate to 24.1 cwt/ha when used as an additional fertilizing of KASS. The increase in yield from fertilizing with nitrogen varied from 0.9 cwt/ha (4.1%) to 2.3 cwt/ha (10.6%). From an economic viewpoint, the most effective option was the application of nitrogen fertilizers KASSA, which made it possible to obtain an economic effect of 1240.95 rubles, while reducing the cost by 165.6-628 rubles/cwt and increasing the profitability level by 57.5-66.1%. The results obtained make it possible to recommend the production of the use of liquid forms of nitrogen fertilizers for feeding winter wheat, contributing to an increase in the profitability of crop cultivation.