The Effectiveness of Mediterranean Diet in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Clinical Course: An Intervention Study

Kaliora, Andriana C.; Gioxari, Aristea; Kalafati, Ioanna Panagiota; Diolintzi, Anastasia; Kokkinos, Alexandros; Dedoussis, George

doi:10.1089/jmf.2018.0020

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Fish have high amounts of poly unsaturated fatty acids (Omega 3) which are capable of reducing total cholesterol and has a protective role against NAFLD [34,35]. Similar to the "Healthy dietary pattern", a protective effect of the Mediterranean diet, which is defined as a diet rich in olive oil, fresh fruits, nuts, and vegetables; moderate in dairy products, fish, poultry and red wine; and low in red meat, eggs, sweets and processed foods [36], has been shown previously by prospective [37] and intervention studies [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Dietary patterns and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

et al. 2021

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Background Nutrition is a modifiable risk factor that plays an important role in the prevention or delaying of the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Previous studies have focused on NAFLD and individual nutrients, which does not take into account combinations of food that are consumed. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between major dietary patterns and NAFLD. Methods This case–control study was conducted on 225 newly diagnosed NAFLD patients and 450 healthy controls. Usual dietary intake over the preceding year was assessed using a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Major dietary patterns were determined by exploratory factor analysis. Results Three dietary patterns, including "western dietary pattern", "healthy dietary pattern", and "traditional dietary pattern" were identified. Subjects in the highest tertile of healthy dietary pattern scores had a lower odds ratio for NAFLD than those in the lowest tertile. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, people in the highest tertile of “western dietary pattern” scores had greater odds for NAFLD. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, “western dietary pattern” had a positive significant effect on NAFLD occurrence. In contrast, “healthy dietary pattern” was associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD. Furthermore, Higher consumption of the “traditional dietary pattern” was significantly associated with NAFLD, albeit in the crude model only. Conclusion This study indicated that healthy and western dietary patterns may be associated with the risk of NAFLD. The results can be used for developing interventions in order to promote healthy eating for the prevention of NAFLD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Dietary patterns and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

et al. 2021

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“…Cross-sectional and longitudinal reports evidenced a lower likelihood of NASH in patients who were adherent to the MedDiet [75,76], whereas randomized controlled crossover trials defined the superiority of this diet in the improvement of insulin sensitivity, metabolic parameters and steatosis over low-fat ones [77,78]. Furthermore, a 6-month nutritional counseling to adhere to the MedDiet has proved to be effective in the amelioration of certain disease-specific traits, including liver imaging, liver fibrosis score, inflammatory/oxidative biomarkers and glycemic status indices in non-fibrotic NAFLD patients [79]. Apart from negative variations in circulating visfatin levels, the longitudinal phenotype changes were more pronounced among individuals carrying the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) rs2293152 "G" allele, which has been linked with greater NAFLD susceptibility and severity [79].…”

Section: Meddiet and Extra-virgin Olive Oil (Evoo)-derived Secoiridoimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a 6-month nutritional counseling to adhere to the MedDiet has proved to be effective in the amelioration of certain disease-specific traits, including liver imaging, liver fibrosis score, inflammatory/oxidative biomarkers and glycemic status indices in non-fibrotic NAFLD patients [79]. Apart from negative variations in circulating visfatin levels, the longitudinal phenotype changes were more pronounced among individuals carrying the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) rs2293152 "G" allele, which has been linked with greater NAFLD susceptibility and severity [79]. As such, the MedDiet eating pattern, which is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and plant-based polyphenols, has recently emerged as the most appropriate nutritional approach for NAFLD, gaining the support of the European Association for the Study of Liver (EASL) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) [80].…”

Section: Meddiet and Extra-virgin Olive Oil (Evoo)-derived Secoiridoimentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet Nutrients to Turn the Tide against Insulin Resistance and Related Diseases

et al. 2020

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Insulin resistance (IR), defined as an attenuated biological response to circulating insulin, is a fundamental defect in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), and is also linked to a wide spectrum of pathological conditions, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cognitive impairment, endothelial dysfunction, chronic kidney disease (CKD), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and some endocrine tumors, including breast cancer. In obesity, the unbalanced production of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines can lead to the development of IR and its related metabolic complications, which are potentially reversible through weight-loss programs. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), characterized by high consumption of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), nuts, red wine, vegetables and other polyphenol-rich elements, has proved to be associated with greater improvement of IR in obese individuals, when compared to other nutritional interventions. Also, recent studies in either experimental animal models or in humans, have shown encouraging results for insulin-sensitizing nutritional supplements derived from MedDiet food sources in the modulation of pathognomonic traits of certain IR-related conditions, including polyunsaturated fatty acids from olive oil and seeds, anthocyanins from purple vegetables and fruits, resveratrol from grapes, and the EVOO-derived, oleacein. Although the pharmacological properties and clinical uses of these functional nutrients are still under investigation, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the metabolic benefits appear to be compound-specific and, in some cases, point to a role in gene expression through an involvement of the nuclear high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) protein.

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“…In a non-randomized, open-label, 24-wk prospective study, 44 untreated NAFLD patients with non-significant fibrosis received nutritional counsel to increase adherence to MD with significant improvements in liver fibrosis at the end of the follow-up. It is noteworthy that the patients did not have significant fibrosis and that the technique for measurement was elastography ultrasound which could lead to unprecise data[ 149 ]. At the moment there is no evidence that diet per se could improve liver fibrosis, however, we must take into account that the diet that is going to have the maximum benefit is the one that will be followed by the patient in the long-term, therefore highly restrictive diets that induce a rapid WL should not be considered.…”

Section: Management Of Liver Fibrosis In Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical assessment and management of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Campos-Murguía

Ruiz-Margáin

González-Regueiro

et al. 2020

WJG

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is among the most frequent etiologies of cirrhosis worldwide, and it is associated with features of metabolic syndrome; the key factor influencing its prognosis is the progression of liver fibrosis. This review aimed to propose a practical and stepwise approach to the evaluation and management of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD, analyzing the currently available literature. In the assessment of NAFLD patients, it is important to identify clinical, genetic, and environmental determinants of fibrosis development and its progression. To properly detect fibrosis, it is important to take into account the available methods and their supporting scientific evidence to guide the approach and the sequential selection of the best available biochemical scores, followed by a complementary imaging study (transient elastography, magnetic resonance elastography or acoustic radiation force impulse) and finally a liver biopsy, when needed. To help with the selection of the most appropriate method a Fagan′s nomogram analysis is provided in this review, describing the diagnostic yield of each method and their post-test probability of detecting liver fibrosis. Finally, treatment should always include diet and exercise, as well as controlling the components of the metabolic syndrome, +/- vitamin E, considering the presence of sleep apnea, and when available, allocate those patients with advanced fibrosis or high risk of progression into clinical trials. The final end of this approach should be to establish an opportune diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD, aiming to decrease/stop its progression and improve their prognosis.

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The Effectiveness of Mediterranean Diet in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Clinical Course: An Intervention Study

Cited by 22 publications

References 47 publications

Dietary patterns and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Dietary patterns and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Mediterranean Diet Nutrients to Turn the Tide against Insulin Resistance and Related Diseases

Clinical assessment and management of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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